1 68 Mr. Philipps's Account of the Improvement of 



last lot, with stone, and protected above with posts and a single rail. On the 

 summit of the ditch hawthorn quick is planted. A single rail was here thought 

 sufficient, because it is a fence between two closes, not between a close and the 

 road. 



The first ploughing was in September, 1804. This was the first lot, after the 

 Rhos above-mentioned, upon which I employed my own teams. It was harrowed 

 early in May, 1805; cross-ploughed in the beginning of June; harrowed imme- 

 diately; limed in the same month with 3250 bushels of lime, the same quantity as 

 in the last mentioned lot ; ploughed a third time, and sowed in the end of October, 

 and harrowed. The quantity of wheat sowed, as in the last lot, was 40 bushels. 

 The soil is here partly sand, upon the sand rock, and partly a light soil upon ram- 

 mel. Hand labour was employed, at a great expence, upon a stony part of this 

 lot, in quantity about three acres. The wheat plants upon this lot are of as pro- 

 mising an appearance as upon either of those above described. 



5. The other lot of eight acres, obtained by the last-mentioned lease, is not yet 

 inclosed. The labourers are now, 13th January, employed upon the fence. It 

 was ploughed in January, 1805, and harrowed in the same month. It is now a 

 fallow intended for pease. 



This lot would have been prepared for wheat, and sowed, but lime in sufficient 

 quantities for all my improvememcnts, could not this year be obtained at the only 

 rock from which lime could be conveyed, at any reasonable expence, to the lands. 



I was induced to offer the rents above stated, of i05. and 145. an acre, (in the 

 last case the land to be for seven years rent free) because I was confident that these 

 wastes were capable of improvement; but in the natural state, in which I found 

 them, they were not worth 2^. an acre. They afforded pasture to a few half- 

 starved sheep of the worst Welsh breed ; and the sheep did more damage to the 

 fences of the old inclosed lands, in winter, and to the lands themselves, than could 

 be compensated for by the profits which their owners derived from them. The 

 closes now fenced and improved are well worth a guinea an acre ; a year ago they 

 were not worth two shillings. 



The improvements upon the four first lots above described are, to a certain de- 

 gree, complete. They contain 53 acres of as fine green wheat as any which this 

 country contains. 



6. A sixth close of 32 acres, allotted to me, as proprietor, is fenced with a wall 



