fe^ Mr. William Pitt on the 



sylvaticaj. 5. Marsh St. Peter's wort /'Hypericum elodesj. 6. Kingspear (Mar- 

 tbeciiim ossifra^um) : these two last are of little consequence in themselves, but 

 indicate boggy land; in their company is often found, 7. Purple flowered money- 

 wort (Anagallis tenella). 8. Sedge grasses fCarex'sJ, several sorts : these plant 

 ■would give way to better herbage, upon draining their native bogs, which ought to 

 be done by a rate, levied upon the inhabitants of the neighbourhood, having right 

 of common. 



If the country be not yet ripe for inclosing all the commons and waste lands, 

 the improvement of their staple by measures of this kind, by destroying weeds 

 and introducing better herbage; by draining the bogs and destroying the aquatic 

 ■weeds growing therein, would mend their present state, and improve their value to 

 the public ; would render them capable of maintaining a greater number of sheep, 

 and presence such stock in better health, as well as render the land more susceptible 

 of a rapid and easy improvement by cultivation, whenever the time shall arrive for 

 their inclosure, and for such improvement. 



V. JVeeds in Hedges. 



All kinds of weeds are injurious to young hedges, which require to be well 

 cleaned from them for three years after planting, otherwise the young quick would 

 be choked and destroyed ; and there are some kinds of plants which very much 

 injure old full grown fences. Many kinds of weeds growing in hedges are a great 

 nuisance if the seeds are suffered to ripen, because such seeds are liable to be car- 

 ried into cultivated land by the wind ; there are also some kinds of hedge weeds, 

 which bear the character of being injurious to stock; these, if the observation 

 be well founded, should be cleared from the hedges that such stock frequent ; and, 

 lastly, improper species of the vegetable kingdom, composing or growing in hedges, 

 may be termed hedge weeds, because they prevent the main object of such hedges, 

 that of dividing and fencing out the land. 



1. The catchweed, or c]ea.vers (Galium aparine ), has a tendency to choke 

 young hedges, by means of its numerous creeping rough branches ; it should, 

 therefore, be cleaned out in due time. 



2. The great bindweed (Convolvulus sepiumj, is, I think, injurius to some hedges, 

 by twining round the growing quick ; the roots of this plant must be well worth 

 gathering for medical uses, the inspissated juice of them composing scammony, a 



