320 Mr. William Pitt on the Production and 



acre of such grass land to produce in grazing, a sufficient quantity of beef, or 

 mutton to serve an individual through the year. 



And if dairy cows were housed and fed with mown grass or vetches in summer, 

 and with green cultivated crops, and a little hay in winter, two acres per head 

 would maintain them through the year, and 20 cows from 40 acres would supply 

 cheese, butter, and milk for 1 25 persons, or 3-I- from an acre, also would additionally 

 supply from fatted calves and pork produced from the dairy, sufficient animal food 

 for 16 persons, from 20 cows, for the whole year. 



Garden vegetables, a quarter of an acre to a family of 5 persons, or an acre to 

 every 20 persons, is fully sufficient for this purpose, potatoes included. 



From this data may be calculated the quantity of land necessary to support any 

 given population, under the proposed improved cultivation, and according to the 

 present modes of living; and if all horses were kept in the stable constantly, and 

 fed with mown grass, clover, vetches, or lucern in summer, and with plenty of cut 

 straw or chaff to their corn in winter, with a more general growth of carrots as their 

 occasional food, and to save hay and corn, I believe there is no doubt but that an 

 acre per head might be saved in their keep, and that 4 acres per head upon the 

 average might be fully sufficient for their annual subsistence. 



I shall therefore proceed to calculate as above for the support of 1 20 persons, 

 which by proportion may be applied to any other number, or the kingdom in 

 general. 



Acres. Persons. 



24 for wheat, an acre supplying 5, finds bread for - - 120 



3 Wheat fallow, supposed reduced to one-eighth of the growth of wheat, 



instead of near one half as at present 



15 Barley for beverage for - - - - 120 



6 Potatoes and wheat alternately, or one-fourth of the wheat grown on 



this system would also supply food for - - 24 persons 



40 To support 20 dairy cows, who will supply cheese, milk, 



and butter as above for 135; but to preserve even 



numbers, suppose only - - - - •■ 120 



And over the above, will supply veal from fatted calves, 



and pork from dairy produce equal to a year's supply 



of animal food for _ _ _ 16 



8» carried forward 40 



