324 -A^". William Pitl en the Production and 



cabbages ; 9 acres for fallow and potatoes ; and 9 acres more in that lot for cab- 

 bages ; in all 33 acres : the common turnips for barley, will be folded by sheep, or 

 rhay be assisted by lime, or other foreign aids, as before named, as well as the wheat 

 at times ; and it behoves the farmer to take every opportunity of procuring what 

 manures he conveniently can. 



The strength of men and horses necessary on such a farm may be next estimated. 

 I believe six good horses will do all the tillage labour; a hackney may be added, 

 who, when not wanted for that use, may draw a light cart with green or other food 

 to the stalls ; a colt or young horse coming in annually, or two occasionally, may 

 be either bred or bought, and would enable the farmer, if no accident occurs, to 

 sell one at times. I shall not reckon, upon the average, more than eight horses in 

 the whole necessary. 



If no oxen are kept, which are much less profitable than heifers, I highly approve 

 of Mr. Bakewell's plan of drawing heifers in light work ; they are equally tractable 

 and docile with oxen, and may be drawn from two years old to the Christmas 

 following, when, if in calf, they should be left ofF working. As a farm upon this 

 scale, and under this cultivation, might support twenty dairy cows, suppose six 

 calves reared annually : these might graze at large the first year, and to the second 

 autumn, when they should be taken into the sheds and domesticated, used to the 

 collar and harness, and put to work with those a year older, in light carts, to supply 

 food for the housed stock. This is not mere theory, having been reduced to regular 

 practice at Dishley, and might with great advantage be rendered general. 



As I would propose all the carting of green and other food for stock, except 

 hay harvest, to be done by this species of cattle, so as not to interrupt or hinder 

 the horses in the heavier work of cultivation and manuring the land, if the heifer 

 stock should be thought insufficient for this purpose, the bull might be trained to 

 drawing, or a steer may be reared now and then, and introduced for this purpose. 



The number of persons necessary to do the business of such a farm might be 

 three in the stables, to take care of and work the horses, a man, a strong boy, and 

 a lesser boy; also a cow-herd man servant; these four might be servants in the 

 house, with three women servants; and suppose the farmer, his wife, and three 

 children, this would make a family of twelve in the house. 



The cow-keeper must have a helper, to assist in cutting, carting, and conveying 

 green and other food ; there must also be a shepherd, and occasional assistant for 



