GENERAL RULES 15 



If a pack animal falls and it is necessary to cut the 

 lash rope, cut it at the standing part. It will more 

 quickly drop the load and do less injury to the rope. 



The aparejos should be removed at the end of a 

 march and the animals allowed to roll. This is true 

 unless their backs are lathered and overheated and the 

 air is too keen or cold. 



When emergency compels the 'packing of very 

 heavy loads beyond the normal, or there is a long 

 march, do not allow the animals to wander from the 

 single file or lie down. Every means should be used to 

 keep them on their feet and marching. They can keep 

 on marching when, if they lie down, they cannot get 

 on their feet again even with the load off. Stupendous 

 loads have, in emergencies, been packed on mules who 

 could carry it as long as they were marching. This is 

 a rule for emergency only, "keep them going." 



When two or more packers are with an outfit the 

 one man hitches should never be used. Two packers 

 should always work together. 



Pack transportation is continually a matter of judg- 

 ment, experience, and common sense. It cannot be 

 formalized like a military manoeuvre. It is intended for 

 the most flexible and mobile service under all condi- 

 tions, whether in the field of exploration or for mili- 

 tary purposes. 



Efficiency can best be secured by preventing inex- 

 pert interference. 



STANDARD OF ORGANIZATION FOR MILITARY 

 PURPOSES 



A Pack Train consists of: 



50 Pack Mules, 



I Bell Horse, 



and 14 Riding Mules. 



I Pack Master, 



I Cargador, 



I Blacksmith, 



I Cook, 



and 14 Packers, 

 with complete outfit for camp and subsistence and the 

 requisite number of riding saddles and aparejos. 



