OF BRITISH BIRDS 85 



The breeding range of three species extends both to subarctic 

 and subtfopical climates : 



Sterna hirundo. 

 Sterna nigra. 

 Puffinus anglorum. 



The breeding range of two other species is also subarctic and 

 subtropical, but it extends beyond into the tropics : 



Sterna anglica. 

 Sterna cantiaca. 



NEARCTIC SPECIES. 



. There are no fewer than thirty-two species of birds which are 

 regarded as accidental visitors to our Islands whose breeding 

 range is confined to the American continent and the islands 

 near it. Of these, fifteen are exclusively arctic in their breeding 

 range : 



Fringilla linaria hornemanni, 



Falco gyrfalco candicans, 



Falco gyrfalco islandus, 



Surnia funerea hudsonia, 



Charadrius fulvns americanus, 



Numcnius borealis, 



Trinya lonapartii, 



Tringa rufescens, 



Tringa pectoralis, 



Tringa minutilla, 



Totanns flavipes, 



Macrorliamplius griseus, 



Larus leucopterus, 



Fuligula albeola, 



Fuligula histrionica ; 



five are both arctic and subarctic in their breeding range : 



Loxia leucoptera, 

 Accipiter atricapillus, 

 Mergus cucullatus, 

 Anas carolinensis, 

 Fuligula perspicillata ; 



