86 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 



one in arctic, subarctic, and subtropic : 



Turdus migratorius ; 

 three are subarctic only : 



Larus Philadelphia, 

 Totanus solitarius, 

 Crex Carolina ; 



six breed both in subarctic and subtropical climates : 



Coccyzus americanus, 

 Coccyzus erythrophthalmus, 

 Ectopistes migratorius, 

 Totanus bartrami, 

 Totanus macularius, 

 Charadrius vociferus ; 



whilst the breeding range of two extends not only to subarctic 

 and subtropic climates, but also to the tropics : 



Botaurus lentiginosus, 

 Ardea virescens. 



PAL^EARCTIC SPECIES. 



The breeding ranges of 110 species of British Birds may be 

 regarded as Palsearctic. They extend across Europe and Asia 

 from the Atlantic to the Pacific, but are not known to reach any 

 part of the American continent, nor as a rule to extend beyond 

 the arctic or temperate climates to the tropics. There are, how- 

 ever, a few birds whose climatic tastes are so cosmopolitan that 

 their breeding ranges not only reach both the subarctic and sub- 

 tropic climates of the Temperate Eegion, but cover the tropics 

 as well. These birds may be classified according to the climatic 

 range of their breeding-grounds as follows : 



Arctic ......... 17 



Arctic and subarctic . . . . .15 



Subarctic ....... 15 



Subarctic and subtropic .... 49 



Subarctic, subtropic, and tropic . . . . ' 8 



Subtropic . . . . , . 1 



Subtropic and tropic- ..... 5 



110 



