Greenland and Iceland Falcons. 249 



thighs streaked with the same ; tail dark, with about ten ash- 

 coloured bars (in some specimens these bars are cream colour), 

 the bars on the two middle feathers non-continuous. 



Falco Groenlandicus. Ground of the plumage pure white ; 

 upper parts elegantly marked with arrow-shaped spots of a 

 dark grey ; under parts and head streaked with the same ; 

 wings reaching to m ithin 2 inches of the end of the tail ; se- 

 cond primary the longest. 



Gyr falcon. Pen. Arc. ZooL, vol. i. p. 232. 



Falco Groenlandicus. Tur. Linn, (this is the young), vol. i. p. 117. 



Falco islandicus. Tur, Linn., vol. i. p. Ii35. 



Falco candicans. Tur. Linn., vol. i. p. 158. 



Iceland falcon, vai\ Lath., p. 71. 



Spotted Iceland falcon, var. Lath., p. 71. 



Dimensions. Adult male, length, 1 foot 9 in. 



Desc^ Bill light horn colour, inclining to yellow, with the 

 tip darker and a large process in the upper mandible ; cere, 

 orbits, and feet pale yellow (in some specimens the upper 

 parts of the toes are blue) ; ground of the whole plumage pm*e 

 white ; crown streaked with narrow lines of dark ash ; on the 

 occiput the streaks are a little larger, forming an obscure patch 

 of darker. The feathers on the back scapulars and lesser wing 

 coverts are deeply margined with white, the centre being dark 

 ash ; in some the dark occupies the whole of the centre, in 

 others (especially towards the lower parts) it is broken up into 

 bars, sometimes on the outer web and sometimes on the inner ; 

 the markings are arrow-shaped at the tip ; wing coverts, se- 

 condaries and primaries barred, the bars increasing in number 

 in proportion as the feathers increase in size ; towards the tip 

 of each of the primaries the dark bar is considerably larger, 

 forming a spot at the tip of the wing ; this is very conspicuous 

 when the bird is flying : the tail is rounded at the end, and 

 consists of twelve feathers, which are white, except that the 

 two middle ones are barred a little on each side of the shaft ; 

 in some specimens all the feathers are barred, and in others 

 they are all white'; all the under parts pure white, excepting 

 a few dashes of dark ash on the flanks. 



Dimensions. — Adult female, length, 1 foot 11 in. ; extent 

 of wings, 3 feet 10 in. 

 Desc. In every respect like the male, except that the dark 



