Bibliographical Notices. 169 
M. W. Smith, J. P. Lesley, and E.T. Cox. The last-named offers, 
at p. 402, afeeling memorial to the energy and worth of his esteemed 
friend. 
In the Introduction to the Report (p. 7), and again at pp. 16, &c., 
we find some lucid remarks on the value of a general survey of the 
logy of a new country, and particularly of Arkansas. Besides 
establishing the chief axis and trend of the strata, that give not only 
the contour to the topographical features of the district, but afford a 
elne to the great folds or troughs in conformity with which some of 
the strata, appearing at one time in elevated position in the mountain- 
ranges, sink beneath the surface to reappear, perhaps, on the opposite 
side of some wide valley, such a geological reconnaissance supplies an 
approximate knowledge of the boundaries of the formations, enabling 
the geologist to predict what valuable minerals may be found within 
their limits, and what it would be useless waste of time to search for 
within the same. Thus the State-geologist here is enabled to speak 
‘with more or less certainty of the locality, nature, and origin of the 
brine-springs and mineral-waters, the coal-beds and lignites, the iron-, 
zine-, manganese-, lead-, and copper-ores, the limestones, marbles, 
clays and marls, slates, hone-stones, and building-materials, paints, 
nitre-earths, crystals, &c., of Arkansas, 
“Yet Arkansas,” wrote the hopeful geologist, in the introductory 
portion of this his posthumous Report, “is a young State ; and her 
eological survey is in reality only fairly commenced. If thus early 
in this work we are able to report such flattering prospects, what 
may not be anticipated by thorough and minute detailed surveys ?”” 
In the Agricultural Survey, numerous analyses of the soils of 
this State were made, which mduced Dr. Owen to believe that its 
soils generally are equally rich in fertilizing ingredients with those of 
the neighbouring States, and. that its best bottom-lands are, in truth, 
richer. More mountainous than Iowa, Wisconsin, and part of Min- 
nesota, Arkansas has a greater abundance of timber, and a shorter 
winter. Pine-timber is of very general growth in this State, due 
probably (says the author) to the diffusion of silicate of potash in the 
soil. “‘So peculiarly indigenous does the yellow pine appear to be to 
the Arkansas soils, that you will even find it growing in river- and 
creek-bottoms, side by side with the Gum, and, on the argillaceous 
slopes, associated with the Beech.’’? Poplar-timber is said to be en- 
tirely absent, except on quaternary soil at one locality. The Creta- 
ceous soils of the south-west counties of the State, highly charged 
with lime, are peculiarly congenial to the Osage Orange or Bois d’Are. 
‘M. L. Lesquereux enumerates eight species of Grape (p. 353) as 
having been found in Arkansas, in some localities with fine growth ; 
but the people do not seem to appreciate the Vine (p. 329). 
Protruded masses of igneous rocks (granitic, hornblendic, and 
augitic), of small extent aud distant from each other, occur on the 
waters of the Fourche (Pulaski county), in Saline county, and at 
Magnet Cove, in Hot Spring county; these lie on a N.E.-S.W. line. 
The general strike of the stratified rocks is stated to be most probably 
nearly E.& W. These are greatly disturbed and altered near this 
