288 M.E. P. Fries on the Geographical Distribution of Fungi. 
late the catalogue of these Fungi has been greatly enriched by 
the addition of numerous genera and species proper to hot 
countries, previously unknown. Not uncommonly the exotic — 
floras differ from ours not merely in respect of the species, but 
also of the genera of Gasteromycetes, It must, besides, be ob- 
served that this family is rich in well-defined genera, though 
very poor in distinct specific forms. Among the genera found 
in Europe, many are cosmopolitan. 
The Phallode present themselves in the torrid zone under the 
most varied form and colouring, and comprise many genera rich 
in species. In Europe their number is very restricted. As we 
advance northward, they decrease rapidly, so that the central 
districts of Sweden possess only a single species, the Phallus 
impudicus, and even this solitary representative of the family is 
yery scarce. In Scania, the most southern province of Sweden, 
there is likewise but one genus and one species belonging to it, 
viz. the Mutinus caninus. Among other members of the Phal- 
lodei may be further mentioned the Lysurus of China, the Aseroé 
of Van Diemen’s Land, and the Clathrus, one species of which, 
the C. cancellatus, has a very wide geographical range; for in- 
stance, it is found in the south of Europe, in Germany, and in 
America; whereas the other species of this genus have a very 
limited distribution. 
The Tuberacei are remarkable among the Fungi in being all 
of them more or less hypogeous. They are natives of warm 
countries, and are distributed into numerous genera and species. 
The Tuberacez, equally with the Tuberei, constitute in our lati- 
tude a group of Fungi very poor in specific forms. The few 
‘species of the Hymenogastres belonging to Sweden, with the 
exception of Hyperrhiza variegata and one example of the genus 
Octaviania, are confined to the southern proyinces. The greater 
part of this group, like the Lycoperdacei, are met with in the 
temperate zone. Most examples of the genus Lycoperdon are 
cosmopolitan. 
_ The Nidulariacei and the Trichodermacei appear to be scat- 
tered over the globe in a uniform manner, although their species 
are not everywhere similar. The same statement applies to the 
Myxogastres, which are common in Lapland, and appear to have 
their central point of distribution in the countries within the 
temperate zone. At the same time, they are not wanting in 
tropical regions, notwithstanding that the intensity of heat, by 
drying up the mucilage which serves as the medium for the 
development of their spores, is opposed to their development. 
