Mr. J. Alder on the British Tunicata. loT 



Ascidia pulchella, n. sp. 



Body elongate, cylindrical, reddish, pale yellow or hyaline 

 white, attached by a rounded base, and capable of great retrac- 

 tion. Apertures tubular, terminal; the branchial much the 

 longer, nearly one-third the length of the body, and continuous 

 in outline with it; the anal aperture about half as long as 

 the branchial, and a little narrower, projecting diagonally; both 

 orifices with bright crimson ocelli. A deeply impressed line 

 runs from between the terminal tubes to nearly the base of the 

 body. Test soft, smooth, hyaline, and transparent. Mantle 

 yellowish, passing to red above, or sometimes colourless, with 

 longitudinal muscular bands, narrower than in A. intestinalis. 

 Tentacular filaments stout. Branchial sac with rather broad 

 papillae : ventral line with long filaments. Length an inch, or 

 a little upwards. 



Procured at Fowey Harbour by Mr. Peach, from whom I have 

 drawings. The Rev. T. Hincks has also obtained it in Salcombe 

 Estuary, and has favoured me with his manuscript notes and a 

 pencil sketch. The description of the internal parts is taken 

 from specimens dredged by the Rev. A.M. Norman in Guernsey. 



This pretty Ascidia belongs to the section of the genus which 

 Sa\igny has called " PhalliLsia Cionce" and which constitute the 

 genus Ciona of Fleming. They are distinguished by having the 

 viscera extended below the branchial sac, and by the softness 

 and flexibility of the test, the upper part of which can be with- 

 drawn within the lower, concealing the orifices. This species 

 comes very near to A. intestinalis, but may be distinguished from 

 it by its smaller size and its much more elongated and unequal 

 tubular orifices, as well as by the colour, which is never tinged 

 with green as in that species, but is generally more or less marked 

 with red, though it is occasionally colourless. The longitudinal 

 bands of the mantle are much narrower than in A. intestinalis. 

 The figure given in Blainville's ' Malacologie * under the latter 

 name seems to be taken from an individual of this species. 



Ascidia parallelogramma, Miiller. 



This lovely Ascidian is distinguished from all its congeners by 

 several interesting characters which may perhaps be considered 

 sufficient to raise it to the rank of a separate genus. It agrees 

 with the genus Ascidia, as at present characterized, in having 

 the apertures divided into the same number of segments (8 and 

 6), in having the test united to the mantle at the orifices 

 only, and in having the branchial sac with papillae and without 

 folds. All the true Ascidia with which we are acquainted, how- 

 ever, are attached more or less by the right side, on which are 



