Mr. J. Alder on the British Tunicata. 163 



tubes (about one-third the length of the body), approximated 

 at the base, and nearly disappearing on contraction ; they are 

 margined with a red line, or entirely crimson. Test dark red- 

 dish brown, rough with longitudinal and transverse furrows, 

 giving the surface a beaded appearance. Mantle bright crimson 

 or scarlet. Tentacular filaments linear. Branchial sac with four 

 folds on each side. Ovaries scarlet, disposed in spherical masses 

 over the inner surface of the mantle. Length half to three- 

 quarters of an inch. 



This species is found on C. tuherosa, and on the roots of 

 Laminaria at Cullercoats. Mr. George Hodge has also sent it 

 me from Seaham Harbour. 



The approximated tubular apertures, regularly furrowed sur- 

 face, and great contractility distinguish this species from the 

 young of C tuherosa ; the character of the surface likewise di- 

 stinguishes it from C. coriacea and C. granulata, to which it is 

 more nearly allied. In a contracted state, the test becomes 

 much corrugated, and the apertures then appear large and 

 four-cleft. 



Cynthia granulata, n. sp. 



Body cylindrical when extended, nearly hemispherical when 

 contracted, reddish, adhering at the base. Apertures terminal, 

 slightly tubular, approximated ; reddish, with a dark red line 

 round the margin. Test tough, finely shagreened or granulated, 

 but appearing nearly smooth to the naked eye, yellowish or 

 brownish red. Mantle crimson above, passing to orange or 

 yellow below. Tentacular filaments linear. Branchial sac with 

 four folds on each side. Length about half an inch. 



This species appears to be pretty widely distributed on the 

 British coast. I have met with it on shells or on other Ascidia, 

 from moderately deep water, on the coasts of Northumberland 

 and Durham, as well as at Guernsey and the Isle of Man. Mr. 

 Jeffreys has also got it at Lulworth Cove. 



This Cynthia somewhat resembles the last, and is occasionally 

 associated with it on the test of C. tuberosa. It may, however, 

 be at once distinguished by the shagreening of the test, which 

 is best seen when the surface is dry, it then appearing covered 

 with minute shining facets. C. granulata may also be distin- 

 guished from C. sulcatula by its shorter tubes and smaller aper- 

 tures. 



Cynthia comata, Alder. 



Cynthia ampulla, Forbes & Hani. Brit. Moll. vol. i. p. 40; Alder & Hanc. 

 in T}Tie8. Club Trans, vol. i. p. 197. 



A more careful examination of this species, and a comparison 

 of it with the original description and figure of Baster, convince 



