28 Dr. Kneeland on the Skeleton of the Great Chimpanzee. 



cess, without the nan'owness of a notch, contrasting strongly 

 with the nearly straight line of the upper border of the bone in 

 the Orang. Length of scapula along the base 10 inches ; broadest 

 part 7\ inches. 



The clavicles are shorter and stronger than in Man, and less ' 

 curved ; the edges are more angular ; their length in a straight 

 line is Q\ inches ; their circumference in the middle 2 inches, 

 thence increasing to each end. The subclavian ridge is well 

 marked. 



The sternum, at its upper portion, is 4 inches wide, and about 

 half an inch thick ; there is a decided semilunar notch, but less 

 than in Man ; the lower portions are wanting. There is no sign 

 of division into lateral halves in this upper portion, which is 

 3| inches long. The articular surface for the clavicles is less 

 curved and more horizontal than in Man. 



The ribs are fourteen pairs ; of these two are wanting on the I 

 left side, at about the middle of the series. They much resemble I 

 those of Man, and form a very capacious thorax ; they are, how- 

 ever, longer and thicker, and the curves less complicated. Some | 

 of them bear marks of old injuries. The angles are very well 

 marked ; the last rib is united both to the body and to the trans- 

 verse process of a single vertebra. 



The humerus- is 3 inches longer than that of Man, and 3 inches 

 greater in circumference at the middle, the latter measurement 

 being 5 inches ; the length is 16^ inches ; around the middle of 

 the head, horizontally, 8^ inches ; greatest width at lower extre- 

 mity 4-:^ inches. The bone is of vei*y compact structure and very 

 heavy. It resembles that of Man, but is less twisted on itself; 

 the bicipital groove is deep and wide, having on its sides very 

 large tuberosities for muscidar insertions ; the ridges for the pec- 

 toralis major and latissimus dorsi are well marked, as is also the 

 insertion of the deltoid ; the anterior face is rather convex than 

 concave, even more so than in Man. Both the condyles and the 

 condyloid ridges are more developed than in Man ; the trochlear 

 portion is less excavated, and the internal ridge less prominent ; 

 there is a deep groove between the trochlea and the surface for 

 the head of the radius, which is very slight in Man. The lower 

 extremity is perforated on the right side, but not on the left ;. 

 the cavity for the olecranon is an inch in width and half an inch 

 deep, while that for the coi'onoid pi'ocess, on the anterior surface, 

 is hardly sunk beneath the level of the bone : this difference is 

 much less in Man. 



The ulna is more curved than the human, as is also the radius ; 

 they curve in opposite directions, enclosing a wide space between 

 them ; the curve of the radius begins at the tubercle, while the 

 ulna is curved its whole length. The length of the ulna 



