Popular Science Monthly 



251 



the lungs to utmost capacity with air. 



The moment a cramp is felt, the swim- 

 mer should turn on his back and begin 

 to gulp the air, making no effort to keep 

 himself from 

 sinking. As he 

 sinks he slowly 

 exhales under 

 water, through 

 the mouth, with 

 the lips puck- 

 ered as for 

 whistling. If it 

 is a stomach 

 cramp the knees 

 will be drawn 

 up against the 

 abdomen, but 

 the swimmer 

 should force 

 them out, push- 

 ing on them 

 with both 

 hands and us- 

 i n g all his 



strength until they are fully extended. 

 This will no doubt cause great pain for a 

 few seconds, but as soon as the legs are 

 straightened out the cramp will vanish, 

 and the body, buoyed up by the air in the 

 lungs, will shoot up to the surface. There, 

 still inhaling, in great gulps and ex- 

 haling through puckered lips, the 

 swimmer may float until he re 

 gains his strength or is picked 

 up. 



In case of cramp in the leg 

 or arm the same system of 

 breathing is followed and 

 the affected part is straight- 

 ened out by sheer strength. 



When the cramp is in the stomach, turn on your back, 

 gulp the air to fill the lungs and push the knees down 



pairs, the wheels of each set being coupled 

 together and driven by two giant steam 

 cylinders. Under full steam, the locomo- 

 tive can exert an eighty-three ton pull on 

 the cars behind 

 it — which 

 means that it 

 can easily haul 

 a freight train 

 two miles long 

 and twenty- 

 three thousand 

 tons in weight 

 over an ordi- 

 narily good 

 road-bed at an 

 average rate of 

 about fourteen 

 miles an hour 

 and possibly 

 more . B ad 

 roads will re- 

 tard it only 

 slightly. 



The Very Biggest Loco 

 motive in the World 



THE greatest steam loco- 

 motive in the world has 

 been put into service by the 

 Baldwin Locomotive Works. It 

 is so gigantic that its boiler 

 had to be made flexible at three 

 different joints so that the loco- 

 motive could turn around a 

 curve ! It is over one hundred 

 feet long and weighs some four 

 hundred and twenty tons. Twenty-four 

 driving wheels, each standing as high as 

 an average-size man, afford it traction. 

 The driving wheels are distributed along 

 the length of the locomotive in sets of four 



The flashlight bulb is 

 clipped to the end of 

 the handle of the safety- 

 razor and throws the 

 rays across its path 



Shave Under a Flashlight Attached 

 Directly to Your Razor 



FIRST AID" in affording yourself a 

 quick shave is given by a new 

 razor attachment patented by Katherine 

 E. Allport of Chicago. It is a com- 

 bination of a flashlight and a 

 razor which will illuminate a 

 man's face far better than the 

 regular wall light. 



A wall light which is di- 

 rected upon one half of the 

 face cannot intensely il- 

 luminate the other. But by 

 having the light attached 

 directly to the razor, the 

 light follows the blade and 

 the strong rays are thrown 

 just where they are needed. 

 The chance of cutting yourself 

 is thereby reduced considerably, 

 and a perfectly clean shave is 

 assured. 



The small flashlight bulb is 

 clipped with its socket on to the 

 handle end of the razor. The 

 conducting wires from the sock- 

 et lead to small dry cells which 

 occupy the bottom half of the razor box 

 especially built for this attachment. From 

 one to three dry cells can be employed, 

 depending upon how much light you con- 

 sider necessary for the operation. 



