Popular Science Monthly 



ward at the base of the shell. 



The fuse is made in the ordi- 

 nary way and behind it is a 

 chamber for the explosive charge. 

 The projectile is fired just as any 

 shell is fired. The explosion re- 

 leases the cutting arms and they 

 cut through any object with 

 devastating force. 



The chain shell is constructed 

 similarly except that short chains 

 are wound around the gaine and 

 separated by disks which keep 

 them in place until the projectile 

 is emptied. Sometimes the chains 

 are weighted heavily at the ends. 

 When the explosion takes place 

 the chains fly out with fearful 

 force and in addition to their 

 high-speed forward movement 

 they rotate rapidly. Needless to 

 say, where they hit something, 

 there is nothing left. 



A chain shell exploding. 

 The h eavy chains weighted 

 at the ends tear through 

 the heaviest wire entan- 

 glements as though they 

 were spider webs. The 

 shell at the left shows how 

 the chains are wrapped 

 around the gaine ready to 

 spread out at the time of 

 explosion. The shell at 

 the right has a pair 

 of cutting arms 

 which cut through 

 entanglements as 

 easily as you can cut 

 a thread with scissors 



Shells with Scissors Attachments 

 That Cut Wire Entanglements 



THERE seems no limit to what the new 

 shells can do. One of the latest 

 shells has a sort of scissors attachment 

 which, when released by the explosion, will 

 cut through the strongest wire entangle- 

 ments. Another releases a number of short 

 chains when it explodes. These chains are 

 sure to wreck anything they touch. 



The scissors shell has an opening in the 

 casing through which the cutting arms 

 project. They are slightly recessed in order 

 to avoid wind resistance. The 

 arms are attached near the 

 nose of the projectile. They 

 are mounted on steel studs 

 in such a manner that they 



Weighing Your Coal by the 

 Ounce or the Pound 



SOMETHING new in shovels 

 has been invented by David 

 Moffatt Myers, of New 

 York. Perhaps the inventor 

 thought that the soaring 

 price of coal meant that 

 hereafter it would be weigh- 

 ed by the pound. His shovel 

 weighs every ounce of coal. 

 This paragon among 

 shovels looks like any other 

 iron shovel except for some embellishments 

 on its handle. It has a sliding hand-grip 

 near its pan. The grip is held by levers 

 and a spring. When the stoker grips the 

 handle and loads the shovel the load nat- 

 urally shifts to his left hand. The spring 

 allows his grip to move upward in pro- 

 portion to the weight of the coal. Links 

 transmit the motion to a toothed bar, 

 which turns a counting mechanism 



Spring - 



Counting mechanism 

 Transmission bar 



can rock and expand in order 

 to throw the free ends out- 



As the coal is shoveled, the total weight may be 

 read in the exact number of pounds and ounces 



