738 



Popular Science Monthly 



Small as this locomotive seems it can pull a train of 

 eighteen cars, each loaded with 3% tons of lumber 



couplings consisting of heavy 

 rods seven or eight feet in 

 length with a hook at each 

 end, fasten into the coupler 

 bars of each car, resulting in 

 about a three-yard spacing 

 between successive cars when 

 they are connected. 



This spacing is necessary 

 because the lumber being 

 transported overhangs each 

 car body to so great a degree. 

 The three locomotives, small 

 though they look, do work 

 that would otherwise require 

 more than twenty horses. 

 Moreover they don't eat any 

 hay when off duty. 



Diminutive Electric Locomotives 

 Used in a Lumber-Mill Yard 



SMALL electric locomotives of a kind 

 every youthful mechanic in the country 

 would yearn to run are being used by a 

 large western lumber mill to transport raw 

 and finished lumber about its plant. The 

 locomotives run on a three-foot track, and 

 there are upwards of forty miles of it 

 scattered around the big mill. 



The locomotives for this service are 

 really standard mine locomotives per- 

 suaded to run on top of the ground instead 

 of under it, and disguised a bit by the 

 erection of a steel cab at one end. Reg- 

 ular mine locomotives cannot as a rule 

 afford this luxury since the low-hanging 

 roofs of mine tunnels would in all proba- 

 bility scrape it off. 



Storage batteries carried on the loco- 

 motives themselves furnish the power. 

 During the night when the machines are off 

 duty the batteries receive the charge 

 that is to last them through the 

 next day. The 

 locomotives are 

 more powerful 

 than their dimin- 

 utive size would 

 lead one to ex- 

 pect. On a level 

 stretch each can 

 readily pull a 

 train of eighteen 

 small cars loaded 

 with about three 

 and a half tonaof 

 lumber each. 

 Unusually long 



o 



Less volatile fuel 



elements strike 



heated wall, 

 are vaporized and 

 then flow with more 

 volatile elements 



to cylinders 



Getting More Mileage Out of Gaso- 

 line with the Hot-Point Manifold 



NE of the most successful means 

 worked out for giving an increased 

 mileage per gallon of gasoline in automobiles 

 since the fuel problem became so acute, is 

 the hot-point manifold. The hot-point 

 manifold consists of a tube, made a part of 

 the cylinder head in the case shown, which 

 is water-jacketed throughout its entire 

 surface, except the ends and a wall on the 

 inner side at the middle. 



The incoming air passing through the 

 Venturi of the carbureter picks up a suitable 

 amount of fuel. With the present low 

 grade of fuel, which is part kerosene and 

 part gasoline, the heavy kerosene elements 

 do not volatilize or change into gas as 

 readily as the gasoline constituents. The' 

 kerosene portion enters the manifold in 

 globules or small drops, and 

 these, due to their weight, 

 dart directly across the 



Heated wall exhaust 

 Water 



rtore volatile 

 elementsflow 

 into cylinders 

 .without striking 

 1 heated walls 



Valve push-rod 



fully carbureted fuel 

 gases into cylinders 



The hot-point manifold is near enough to the 

 cylinders to prevent recondensation of kerosene 



manifold and im- 

 pinge on the hot 

 surface. From 

 contact with the 

 heated metallic 

 surface they are 

 thrown off in gas 

 and mix readily 

 with the ingoing 

 air and lighter 

 gasoline fuel 

 elements. The 

 hot point of the 

 manifold pre- 

 vents reconden- 

 sation. 



