866 



Popular Science Monthly 



When liquid is 

 heated it is 

 changed to gas 



\ Position of lever 

 when expansion drum 

 13 forced down 



■Shutter control rod 



The device is in 

 two parts — an ex- 

 pansion drum which 

 moves a shaft and 

 bell-crank lever to 

 operate the shut- 

 ters, and a syphon 

 thermostat in the 

 return water line to 

 the radiator tank 



degrees Fahrenheit. The expansion of the 

 gas creates a pressure in the tube and the 

 flexible pipe connecting it with the expan- 

 sion chamber, so that the latter is moved 

 downward. This motion, by means of the 

 system of rods and levers shown, opens the 

 shutters slightly and admits air to the 

 motor. This opening action has a maximum 

 temperature point of 180 degrees with a full 

 opening of the shutters. Should the tem- 

 perature of the cooling water change, the 

 shutters are opened or closed , as the case may 

 be. to maintain an even engine temperature. 



Keeping the Engine Temperature at 

 the Right Point Automatically 



AN AUTOMOBILE manufacturer is of- 

 , fering a model with automatically- 

 controlled radiator shutters. His de- 

 vice combines two well-known auto- 

 mobile devices, the radiator shutter 

 and the thermostatic control for the 

 temperature of the engine water. 

 The combination of the two de- 

 vices has made it necessary to make 

 the apparatus in two parts — an ex- 

 pansion drum which moves a shaft 

 and a bell-crank lever to operate the 

 shutters, and a syphon thermostat in 

 the return water line to the radiator 

 top tank. The two parts are joined 

 by means of a short flexible hose 

 which ends in a small metal tube at 

 the end of a pot in the return water 

 line. This tube is filled with a sensi- 

 tive liquid which changes into a gas 

 when the temperature of the cooling 

 water passing around the tube in the 

 iron pot in the water line reaches 140 



How the French Prepare 



Dummy Airplane Fleets for 



Target Practice 



WE take off our hats to 

 the Frenchman who con- 

 ceived the idea illustrated be- 

 low. For simplicity of construc- 

 tion and the efficiency with 

 which it performs its duties, it 

 is in a class all by itself. It is 

 nothing more or less than a 

 fleet of dummy airplanes sus- 

 pended from a crossbeam at- 

 tached to a tree to afford target 

 practice for the French air men. 

 The dummy planes are suspended just as 

 any boy might suspend toy planes, except 

 that strong wire rope is used. The rope is 

 long enough to give plenty of opportunity 

 for the wind to whirl and toss the planes. 



ich Official Photo 



The airplane targets suspended from a crossbeam 

 attached to a tree sway and dart about in the wind 



Maybe you have special needs. Write to the editor about anything within the scope 

 of the magazine. He will be glad to help you. 



