102 EARLY MAN IN BRITAIN. [CHAP. v. 



lofty mountains overlooking the land connecting Asia 

 Minor with Greece. When the present geographical and 

 climatal conditions were brought about, the ibexes would 

 naturally take refuge in the mountains, and in the long 

 course of ages would be very likely to present those 

 minute and unimportant varieties which are seen in wild 

 isolated breeds. It must further be remarked, that 

 although the ibex ranged as far south as Crete and the 

 Atlas, the mountains of the former are covered with snow 

 as late as the middle of June, 1 and the climate of the 

 latter has been sufficiently severe in ancient times to 

 allow of glaciers extending down their flanks to within 

 6000 feet of the present level of the Mediterranean. 

 When Morocco and the Grecian archipelago were lifted 

 high above the present level of the sea not less, as I 

 have pointed out in my work on Cave-hunting, than 

 2400 feet (400 fathoms) the climate would be far more 

 severe than it is at present, and the ice and snow prob- 

 ably formed snow-fields and glaciers like those of the 

 high Alps, 



Incoming Species now found in Hot Climates. 



The animals passed under review in the above pages 

 inhabit, as we have seen, the temperate and cold regions 

 of Europe, Asia, and America. The next division which 

 comes before us has its headquarters in hot climates. 

 It consists of the 



Porcupine . . , Hystrix dorsata, L. 



Lion .... Felis leo, L. 



Leopard or Panther . F. pardns, L. 



African lynx . . F. pardina. 



1 I saw the top of Mount Ida covered with deep snow in June 1875. 



