148 EARLY MAN IN BRITAIN. [CHAP. vi. 



River Ossiferous 

 Strata Caverns. 



Marten ..... 



Stoat . . x 



Weasel . . x 

 Badger 



Short-tailed field vole x 



Continental field vole x 



Russian vole . . x x 



Pouched marmot . . . x x 



Arctic lemming . . . x x 



Norwegian lemming ... x 



Reindeer x x 



Arctic fox ... . x 



Glutton ..... x 



To this list of the new species must be added the 

 Alpine hare of Scotland and Ireland, which most prob- 

 ably arrived in Britain along with the other arctic 

 mammalia, and possibly also the rabbit, although the 

 evidence offered by the frequent discovery of its remains 

 in the caverns is rendered doubtful by its burrowing 

 habits. 



The arctic mammalia in this latest phase of the 

 Pleistocene period were in full possession of the land, 

 and the only two survivors from the Pleiocene age are 

 the extinct Machairodus latidens and the hippopotamus. 



The Late Pleistocene Geography. 



The remains of the late Pleistocene animals lie 

 scattered over a large area in Britain, and it is necessary 

 to conclude from their presence that our country formed 

 part of the mainland 1 of Europe at that time. This 

 hypothesis is proved by their occurrence in various 

 places now covered by the sea, as, for example, the 



1 Cave-hunting, c. ix. 



