152 EARLY MAN IN BRITAIN. [CHAP. vi. 



The Range of the Late Pleistocene Mammals over 

 Britain and Ireland. 



If the dotted surface of the Map, Fig. 32, be exam- 

 ined, representing the areas in which the remains of 

 the late Pleistocene animals have been found, it will be 

 noted that they are distributed very irregularly in the 

 river deposits. The greater part of Wales, as well as 

 the hilly parts of northern Yorkshire, including Cumber- 

 land and Westmoreland, have not as yet furnished any 

 evidence of the former existence of these animals. In 

 Scotland the mammoth and the reindeer have been met 

 with in the lowlands; 1 and the former has been dis- 

 covered, according to Mr. Paton, 2 in Caithness. 



In Ireland the mammoth has been found in the coun- 

 ties of Cavan, Galway, Antrim, and Waterford, and in 

 the Shandon cave, near Dungarvan, in the first of these 

 counties, along with the grisly bear, wolf, fox, horse, stag, 

 and alpine hare. 3 This irregularity in the distribution 

 of the animal remains is intimately connected with the 

 geographical and climatal changes which were going 

 on in the obscure and complicated portion of the late 

 Pleistocene age known as the glacial period. 



On taking every point of view into consideration, Mr. 

 Jamieson's opinion, 4 that the mammoth was in Scotland 

 before the glacial period, seems to me to be true; and -it 

 is highly probable that all the Irish mammalia men- 

 tioned above are preglacial. In that case these animals 

 must be looked upon as the representatives of a fauna, 



1 See Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. Lond. xxxiv. p. 139. 



2 Letter to Author of llth Nov. 1878. 



3 Leith Adams, Trans. P. Irish Acad. xxvi p. 187. 



4 Jamieson, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. Lond. xix. p. 258. 



