CHAP. vii.] CAVE MAN BELONGS TO NORTHERN SPECIES. 205 



the caves south of the Alps and the Pyrenees and north 

 of a line passing east and west from Derbyshire through 

 Belgium. ^Jhus we see that their range is limited as 

 compared with that of the men of the river-drift, and it 

 coincides with the middle zone represented in Fig. 24, 

 in which the remains of northern and southern animals 

 occur. / Men inhabited caves outside these limits in the 

 Pleistocene age, such as those of Palermo, in which Dr. 

 Falconer l discovered flint flakes in association with the 

 pigmy hippopotamus (H. Pentlandi), but they did not 

 use the implements characteristic of the Cave-men as 

 described in this chapter. 



From this distribution of the implements it is evident 

 that the Cave-man belongs neither to the southern group of 

 the Pleistocene animals (see Fig. 24), nor to the temperate 

 which found its way over the mountain barriers into 

 Spain, Italy, and Greece. On the other hand, the 

 River-drift man must be considered as a member either 

 of the temperate or southern fauna of Europe, because 

 his remains are met with in the regions of the Medi- 

 terranean, north of those mountain barriers. CThis 

 difference in the range is an important link in the 

 chain of evidence, by which it will be shown that the 

 men of the River-drift differed in race from those of the 

 caves. Before this can be examined we must give an 

 outline of the civilisation of the Cave-men.) 



The Civilisation of the Cave-Men. Dwellings. 



( The numerous remains in caverns in the area defined 

 in the preceding paragraphs, and the comparison of the 

 implements with those of lowly civilised tribes now 



1 Grotta di Maccagnone, Falconer, Pal. Mem. it 546. 



