224 EARLY, MAN IN BRITAIN. [CHAP.VII 



has also been discovered. In both of these the body 

 forms the handle of the dagger. The human figure also 

 is represented in two small ivory statuettes l found in 

 the caves of Southern France ; but, as might be expected, 

 they are so roughly done-, that they tell us little of the 

 physique of the Cave-man. The ivory used in the sculp- 

 tures and engravings was undoubtedly derived from the 

 tusks of the mammoth, and the sharpness of the outlines 

 implies that it was used while fresh. The graving tools 

 consisted of the sharp edges and points of flint flakes. 



When we take into account the rude materials which 

 the Cave-men possessed for their sculptures and engrav- 

 ings, the accuracy with which they represented the 

 figures which came more prominently before them in 

 their daily life is most extraordinary, and at the present 

 day it only finds a parallel among uncivilised peoples in 

 the artistic representations of the Eskimos. ' 



\ Skeletons of Cave-men. 



Human bones of the Cave-men are as rare in the 

 caverns and rock shelters as in the river-deposits, and 

 are for the most part represented merely by fragments. 

 We owe to M. Dupont 2 the discovery of a lower jaw and 

 an ulna at a depth of 4*50 metres below the surface, in 

 the cave of Naulette, in an undisturbed layer, covered 

 by successive deposits of sand, stalagmite, and clay. The 

 jaw is massive and prognathous. A second case of the 

 occurrence of the bones of Cave-men is offered by a 

 lower jaw obtained by M. de Vibraye in the Grotte des 

 Fees, 3 at Arcy-sur-Cure (Yonne). It rested in the 



1 Laugerie Basse, Mattriaux, 1868, p. 209. 2 Op. cit. 



3 Suit. Soc. Geol.de France, 2d ser. xvii. p. 462. Hamy, Paleontologie 

 Humaine, 1870, p. 235. 



