246 EARLY MAN IN BRITAIN. [CHAP. vin. 





CHAPTER VIII. 



THE ARRIVAL OF THE PREHISTORIC FARMER, AND THE 

 HERDSMEN THE NEOLITHIC CIVILISATION. 



Definition of the Prehistoric Period. Geography of Britain. Sub- 

 merged Forests. Climate of Britain. Prehistoric Mammalia. Wild 

 Species. Prehistoric and Historic Periods belong to the Tertiary. 

 Difference between Late Pleistocene and Prehistoric Mammalia. 

 Magnitude of Interval between Pleistocene and Prehistoric Periods. 

 Relative Length of Pleistocene and Prehistoric Periods. Neolithic 

 Civilisation of Britain and Ireland. Habitations. Hut Circles and 

 Log Huts. The Neolithic Homestead. Implements. Spinning and 

 Weaving. Pottery. The Flint Mines near Brandon. The Implement 

 Manufactory at Cissbury. Commerce. Navigation. Warfare and 

 Camps. Britain occupied by Tribal Communities. Burial of Dead. 

 Belief in a Future State. General Conclusions as to Neolithic 

 Culture in Britain. Neolithic Civilisation on the Continent. The 

 Pile-dwellings of Switzerland. The Domestic Animals and Culti- 

 vated Plants. The Shell-mounds of Denmark. The Neolithic Art. 

 The Neolithic Civilisation derived from Central Asia. General 

 Conclusions. 



WE have now arrived at the point in the inquiry into the 

 condition of early man which is marked by the dawn of 

 agriculture, by the arrival of domestic animals, and the 

 invention of many useful arts ; at that fountain-head 

 whence the civilisation of Europe, such as we know it 

 now, was derived. From this time forward to the borders 

 of history we have to record the advance of man in cul- 



