304 EARLY MAN IN BRITAIN. [CHAP. vin. 



1. Scotch firs. 



2. Oaks. 



3. Beeches. 



respectively associated with articles of the Neolithic, 

 Bronze, and Iron ages. The most common mammals 

 are the stag, roe, and wild boar, but there are also 



The beaver. Otter. 



Water-rat. Bear. 



t- Urus. Seal. 



Lynx. Porpoise. 



Wild cat. Hedgehog. 



Wolf. Dog. 

 Fox. 



This assemblage of animals, all wild, with the excep- 

 tion of the last, tells us that here we have to deal with 

 man as a hunter, fowler, and fisherman ; not as a farmer, 

 or herdsman, but as master only of that domestic ani- 

 mal which would be useful to him under those conditions 

 of life. The dog, it must be remarked, not only picked, 

 as Prof. Steenstrup has shown, the bones left by the 

 hunter, but at times was himself used for food. 



Are we to consider these remains as marking a stage 

 in the history of mankind before the introduction of 

 flocks and herds, and of agriculture, or, in other words, 

 before the appearance of the Neolithic civilisation as it 

 has been defined above? Prof. Worsaae holds that 

 they must be so viewed, while Prof. Steenstrup brings 

 forward evidence to connect them with the Neolithic 

 tumuli which abound in the district. The latter argues 

 that, although the implements in the refuse-heap are, 

 on the whole, exceedingly rude, the flakes are admir- 

 ably made, that polished stone axes occur, and that 

 some of the implements have been made out of polished 



