324 EARLY MAN IN BRITAIN. [CHAP. ix. 



ants of Spain, France, and Britain. The Iberic element 

 in the population of Spain has mainly contributed to 

 the long-headed ness of the modern Spaniard, although 

 that character may be partially derived from Gothic and 

 Moorish invaders. The Basques on the north-west, pro- 

 tected from attack by their inaccessible country, have 

 preserved the race-characters, as might be expected, in 

 their greatest purity. 1 With regard to the rest of the 

 peninsula, sufficiently accurate observations have not yet 

 been made to justify any conclusions as to the exact 

 areas now occupied by the descendants of Iberian abori- 

 gines and Celtic invaders. The problem is rendered 

 almost hopeless from the great changes which must have 

 resulted from the conquest of the Goths and Moors, for 

 if the former contributed their fair or " xanthochroic " 

 characters to the modern Spaniard, it is no less certain 

 that the latter have equally handed down to him their 

 dark complexions and lithe active forms. I do not know 

 that any important physical difference has been observed 

 between the Moor and the Iberian; and it is very probable 

 that the two are closely allied together, and connected 

 with the Berbers of northern Africa, considered by Pro- 

 fessor Busk to belong to the same stock as the Iberians. 



Iberic, Celtic, and other Elements in the Population of 



France. 



We are able to form an accurate idea of the orio-in 



O ' 



both of the complexion and stature, of the present in- 

 habitants of France, from the labours of Dr. Broca, 2 to 



1 Broca, Sur F Origins et la Repartition de la Langue Basque. Rev. An- 

 throp. 1875. 



2 Mdm. Soc. Anthrop. de Paris, i. p. 1, iii. p. 224. The accuracy of 



