330 EARLY MAN IN BRITAIN. [CHAP. ix. 



his Life of ^Emilius Paulus (vi.), speaks of the Ligures 

 in southern Gaul as being mingled with the Gauls, and 

 the Iberians living by the shores of the Mediterranean 

 in southern Gaul. 



Iberic Element in British Isles. 



The Iberic element in the present population of 

 Britain 1 is traceable in several areas, which offered 

 refuge to the peoples in possession of the country before 

 the invasion of the English. The strong resemblance 

 borne by the small dark Silures to the Iberians was 

 Remarked, as we have already noticed, by Tacitus. At 

 the present day his observation applies equally to the 

 small swarthy Welshman, with long head and Iberian 

 physique. The broad-headed dark Welshman is identical 

 with the broad-headed dark Frenchman, and the Welsh 

 people may be defined ethnologically as principally 

 Celtic and Iberian, every intermediate variety between 

 the two extremes being represented. The Silures no 

 longer form a compact ethnological island, but are 

 scattered and dispersed, and mingled with other races, 

 English as well as Celtic. 



In Scotland the small dark Highlander, 2 and in 

 Ireland the black Celts to the west of the Shannon, 

 still preserve the Iberian characteristics in more or less 



1 See Huxley, Journ. Ethnol. Soc.Lond. II. 4, p. 382, On the Ethnology 

 of Britain. 



2 In these pages I have merely identified two of the elements in the 

 Celtic peoples. There may have been others, but the determining of these 

 must be left for future discovery. The tall, long-headed, dark and red 

 haired men are probably, as Professor Huxley points out, of Scandinavian, 

 and the tall, long-headed, fair men of Low German origin. Both these 

 became intermingled with the older Celtic population of Wales, Ireland, 

 and Scotland, within the Historic period. 



