156 



A TEXT-BOOK OF BOTANY. 



is also found in some of the Umbelli ferae, as Apium graveolens, 

 some of the Fungi and sea-weeds, and is rather widely distributed 

 (Fig. 94). 



Dulcitol, which is closely related to mannitol, is found in 

 Eiwnynius europccus and in most of the plants of the Scroph- 

 ulariaceae. 



PERCENTAGE OF SUGAR IN PLANTS. No analysis is necessary 

 to indicate that most fruits contain quite a large percentage of 

 sugar. The following figures show the amount of sugar in some 

 of the more common fruits, the per cent, being calculated on 



FIG. 94. Orthorhombic crystals of Mannitol (Mannit) obtained from aqueous solutions: 

 A, large crystals; B, feathery aggregates of needles. 



dry material: Apple, 33.16 to 87.73; apricot, 7.58 to 86.21; 

 banana, 6.20 to 21.90; blackberry, 32.67 to 40.17; cantaloupe, 

 0.27 to 11.98; cherry, 29.97 to 85.86; currant, 33.76 to 75.49; 

 fig, 10.00 to 29.90 ; gooseberry, 47.33 to 79.82 ; grape, including 

 raisin, 67.82 to 83.00; huckleberry, 12.60 to 46.87; orange, 36.48 

 to 66.91 ; peach, 6.69 to 74.07; plum, 15.25 to 78.70; prune, 32.04 

 to 69.46; pumpkin, 0.15 to 11.98; and raspberry, 14.93 to 47.50. 



The following percentage of sugars is present in some of the 

 cereals, common vegetables, etc. : Asparagus, 0.45 to 3.47 ; barley, 

 5.82 to 8.73; beet (garden), 4.20 to 31.45; beet (sugar), 3.55 to 

 89.61 ; buckwheat, 1.42 to 1.67; carrot, 3.62 to 15.30; cauliflower, 

 1.22 to 7.40; chestnut, 5.22 to 8.52; cocoa (cacao), 2.77; coffee, 

 0.20 to 14.50; corn, 0.96 to 6.77; cucumber, 0.72 to 1.51; 



