BOG PLANTS 291 



of water on vegetation. Of these heroic plants there are about 

 three types. 



First, the very tall plants. All the following attain six feet, 

 and some twelve: 



Moonpensy daisy (Chrysanthemum uliginosum). 



Joe-Pye weed * (Eupatorium purpureum). 



Ferula Tingitana. 



Sneezeweed *(Helenium autumnale). 



Slender sunflower * (Helianthus orgyalis). 



Cow parsnip (Heracleum villosum). 



Swamp rose mallow * Hibiscus Moscheutos Hibiscus Crim- 

 son Eye Hibiscus Mallow Marvels. 



Reed*(Phragmites communis) Giant knotweed (Poly- 

 gonum Sieboldii). 



Sachaline (Polygonum Sachalinense). 



This will show, in a general way, how much the English 

 are indebted to America for their best bog garden effects. And 

 it should encourage us, for there can be no question about the 

 hardiness of the plants. Moreover, nearly all of them are very 

 easy to grow, and practically all can be had from American 

 nurserymen. 



Second come the plants with wonderfully big leaves. Among 

 these the greatest favourite in England is the Gunnera (see plate 

 97), which has the largest leaves of any plant in cultivation 

 often six feet across, sometimes ten. Unfortunately, it is not 

 hardy enough for our Northern states. The nearest substitute 

 for it is Rheum Collinianum. Other water-loving plants with big 

 leaves are: 



All the plants marked * in this chapter are American wild flowers. 



