VI AUTHOR'S PREFACE. 



this purpose. A practical object was here kept in view. The 

 teacher is, of course, always obliged to confine himself in first in- 

 struction to the drawing of a sketch of the science in rough outlines, 

 as it were ; for the student, however, a course of lectures of this 

 character undoubtedly becomes much more comprehensible, if the 

 material is at hand, by the aid of which he can, in private study, 

 follow the general rules and laws more in detail. 



Further, the book is designed for reference in connection with 

 laboratory work, and, in order to make it comply with this object, it 

 was necessary to embody in it a great deal that could otherwise have 

 been omitted. 



R. FITTIG. 



GoTTINGEN, 1868. 



PREFACE TO THE EIGHTH EDITION. 



THE rapid advances in the field of Organic Chemistry have again 

 necessitated the entire rewriting of some parts of the " Outlines." 

 The same principle has been followed as in previous editions, but 

 the system of selecting the hydrocarbons as the starting-points in 

 the consideration of all the other groups of bodies, has been more 

 rigidly carried out than formerly ; and more attention has been paid 

 to those isomeric relations which are theoretically possible, and those 

 which have been really observed in the individual groups. 



RUD. FITTIG. 



TUBINGEN, 1871. 



