30 HYDROCARBONS. 



alcohol. Colorless, mobile liquid. Boiling point 9. 5. 

 Solidifies at 20, forming crystals, which resemble 

 sublimed sal-ammoniac. 



The higher members of this series form the principal 

 ingredients of American petroleum and of the oils 

 (solar oil, photogene) obtained by the distillation of peat, 

 bituminous slates, lignite and certain varieties of 

 anthracite. The hydrocarbons, which are obtained 

 from these sources by means of partial distillation, are 

 mostly mixtures of isomeric compounds. By means 

 of transforming these mixtures into the corresponding 

 alcohols and oxidizing the latter, the chemical consti- 

 tution of the principal ingredients has been discovered. 

 The accompanying hydrocarbons, however, which occur 

 in but very small quantity, are not well investigated. 

 Others have been prepared artificially by means of 

 reactions, that permit of a conclusion in regard to 

 their constitution. 



6. Hexyl Hydride (Hexan), C 6 II 14 . 



There are three methods known for the preparation 

 of this hydrocarbon ; by partial distillation of Ameri- 

 can petroleum ; by the action of tin and hydrochloric 

 acid on the iodide of secondary butyl alcohol ; by the ac- 

 tion of sodium on an ethereal solution of propyl iodide. 

 The first product boils at 70 ; the second and third at 

 71.5. The two latter have the specific gravity 0.663. 

 These products are probably all identical and represent 

 the normal hydrocarbon CH 3 .CH 2 .CH 2 .CH 2 .C1P.CH 3 . 



Ethyl-isobutyl, C 6 H 14 = CH 3 .CH 2 .CH 2 .CH ; 



By the action of sodium in a mixture of ethyl iodide 

 and isobutyl iodide. Boiling point, 62; specific 

 gravity, 0.7011. 



Di-isopropyl, OTP< _ gg } CH.CH { g; 



By the action of sodium on an ethereal solution of 

 isopropyl iodide. Boiling point, 58 ; specific gravity, 

 0.67. 



