42 ETHYL ALCOHOL. 



phide. Crystallizes in transparent prisms, or large 

 laminae. Heated up to 40-50 it is resolved into me- 

 thyl chloride and 



Arsen-monomethyl dichloride, (CH 3 )AsCP. This 

 is also formed by the action of dry hydrochloric acid 

 gas on cacodylic acid. Colorless, heavy liquid, boiling 

 at 133 ; easily soluble in water ; does not give off 

 fumes in contact with the air. It takes up two atoms 

 of chlorine, but the resulting crystalline compound is 

 decomposed even below into methyl chloride and 

 arsenic trichloride. On being treated with hydrosul- 

 phuric acid, it yields crystals of arsen-monomethyl sul- 

 phide (CH 3 )AsS, which fuse at 110. 



Arsen-monomethyl oxide, (CH 3 )AsO. Is formed 

 by the action of potassium carbonate on the dichloride 

 under water. Crystals fusing at 95 ; not volatile 

 alone without decomposition, readily with vapors of 

 water ; soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. 



Arsen-monomethylic acid, (CH 3 )As(OH) 2 . Is 

 formed when the dichloride is treated under water 

 with silver oxide. Large crystalline laminee, soluble 

 in water and alcohol ; bibasic acid ; forms crystalline 

 salts. 



2. Ethyl Alcohol (Spirits of Wine). 

 C 2 H 6 = CH 3 .CH 2 .OH. 



Formation. By the fermentation of sugar. 



When the clear juice of a plant containing sugar is 

 left to itself at the ordinary summer temperature, it 

 soon begins to grow turbid, and small bubbles of car- 

 bonic anhydride appear in it, which gradually increase 

 in number, at the same rate that the liquid, accom- 

 panied by a simultaneous and spontaneous increase in 

 warmth, shows signs of a more or less marked internal 

 motion (fermentation). After a time this phenome- 

 non ceases, the juice is then no longer sweet, its sugar 

 has disappeared, and the liquid now contains alcohol 



