DERIVATIVES OF ETHYL ALCOHOL. 51 



exact amount of sulphuric acid required. The acid 

 can, however, only be concentrated in a vacuum at the 

 ordinary temperature. It forms a thick, very strongly 

 acid liquid. The watery solution is resolved, by heat- 

 ing, into alcohol and sulphuric acid. Its salts are 

 soluble in water, the alkaline salts also in alcohol. 

 The barium ,s^(C 2 H 5 .S0 4 ) 2 Ba-f-2H 2 forms large lami- 

 nated crystals. 



Ethyl sulphite, (C 2 IP) 2 S0 3 , is formed by the action 

 of sulphur chloride .S 2 C1 2 or chlorothionyl SOC1 2 on 

 alcohol. Liquid, boiling at 160 ; of specific gravity, 

 1.106 ; of a peppermint odor ; is decomposed gradually 

 by water. 



An ether isomeric with this, ethylsulphonic ether 

 (C 2 H 5 ) 2 S0 3 , is produced by the action of sodium 

 ethylate on ethylsulphonchloride. Colorless liquid; 

 boiling at 207-208; of specific gravity, 1.1712. 



Ethylsulphurous acid, C 2 H 5 .S0 2 .OH, is formed 

 by the oxidation of mercaptan, ethyl sulphide, and 

 ethyl sulphocyanide by means of nitric acid ; by the 

 action of zinc ethyl on sulphurous acid or sulphuric 

 anhydride. The potassium salt is formed by boiling 

 ethyl iodide with a concentrated solution of potassium 

 sulphite. Crystalline, very deliquescent mass, much 

 more stable than ethylsulphuric acid. Its solution can 

 be evaporated on a water }3ath. By oxidation it is con- 

 verted into ethylsulphuric acid. Its salts are all 

 easily soluble and are decomposed only at a high tem- 

 perature. The lead salt (C 2 H 5 S0 3 ) 2 Pb forms colorless 

 laminae, soluble in alcohol and water. 



Ethylsulphonchloride, C 2 H 5 S0 2 C1. Is produced 

 by the action of phosphorus pentachloride on potassium 

 ethylsulphite. Colorless liquid, boiling at 173. 5. 



Ethyl phosphate, (C 2 H 5 .0) 3 PO, is formed by the 

 action of phosphoric anhydride on absolute alcohol in 

 the presence of ether; by heating silver phosphate 

 with ethyl iodide ; and by heating lead diethylphos- 



