BUTYL ALCOHOLS. 67 



heating pseudopropyl alcohol, propylene alcohol, ally! 

 iodide, or glycerin with the same acid. Is prepared 

 most readily by the simultaneous action of iodine and 

 phosphorus on glycerin. Colorless liquid, boiling at 

 89 ; specific gravity, 1.7 at 15. When heated with 

 potassium cyanide, it is converted into pseudopropyl 

 cyanide (pseudobutyronitrile), C 4 H 7 N. At the same 

 time is formed a small quantity of the isomeric com- 

 pound pseudopropylcarbylamine, C 3 H 7 .ISrC, which boils 

 at 87. 



Pseudopropyl chloride, C 3 H 7 C1, and pseudopro- 

 pyl bromide, C 3 H 7 Br, are very similar to the iodide, 

 and are obtained from the alcohol in the same way as 

 the corresponding ethyl compounds. The former boils 

 at 36-38; the latter at 60-63. 



Pseudopropylether, (C 3 H 7 ) 2 0, is formed, together 

 with pseudopropyl alcohol and propylene, by heating 

 the iodide with silver oxide and water. A liquid not 

 miscible with water. Boiling point, 60-62. 



Pseudopropylamine, C 3 H 7 .KE 2 . Colorless, very 

 mobile liquid, of ammoniacal odor. Boiling point, 

 32 ; specific gravity, 0.69. 



4. Butyl Alcohols. 

 C 4 H 10 = C 4 H 9 .OH. 



The existence of four different alcohols of the for- 

 mula C 4 H 10 is possible two primary, one secondary, 

 and one tertiary. These are all known. 



1. Normal butyl alcohol, CH 3 .CH 2 .CH 2 .CH 2 .OH. 



Is obtained by the action of hydrogen in statu nas- 

 cendi (sodium-amalgam and very dilute sulphuric acid) 

 on butyric aldehyde, or by the action of sodium-amal- 

 gam on a mixture of butyric acid and butyryl chloride, 

 and treatment of the product, chiefly consisting of 

 butyl butyrate, with caustic potassa. Colorless liquid 

 of agreeable odor ; specific gravity, 0.826 ; boiling 



