GLYCOLS. w*r 137 



is separated from the rest and decomposed with potas- 

 sium or barium hydroxide. 



Properties. Colorless, inodorous, somewhat viscid 

 liquid, of specific gravity 1.125; boiling point, 197.5; 

 mixes with water and alcohol. Sodium dissolves in 

 it, hydrogen being evolved and sodium-glycol C 2 H 4 



yrr a a crystalline mass, resulting, which, heated up 

 to 190 with sodium, yields disodium-glycol C 2 H 4 ! Q-\r a 



From these compounds ethylglycol ether C 2 H 4 ! QVr 

 (a liquid of a pleasant odor) and diethylglycol ether 

 C 2 H 4 1 Q'^S (a liquid boiling at 123.5, insoluble in 



water, isomeric with acetal) are formed by heating 

 with ethyl iodide. 



Oxidizing agents convert ethylene alcohol into gly- 

 colic acid and oxalic acid. 



Ethylene chlorhydrine (Glycol hydroclorate), 

 C 2 H 5 C1O = CH 2 C1.CH 2 .OH, is formed by the direct 

 union of ethylene with an aqueous solution of hypo- 

 chlorous acid, or when ethyl alcohol is saturated with 

 hydrochloric acid and then heated. A liquid, boiling 

 at 128. When heated with potassium iodide, yields 

 glycol iodohydrine C 2 H 4 I.OH, a heavy undisti liable liquid ; 

 when heated with potassium cyanide, glycol cyanhydrine 

 C 2 H 4 Cy.OH, a yellow syrup, which, treated with 

 potassa, yields paralactic acid, together with some 

 ordinary lactic acid. 



CH 

 Ethylene oxide (Glycol ether), C 2 H 4 



(isomeric with acetic aldehyde). Is produced by the 

 action of potassium hydroxide on glycol chlorhydrine. 

 Colorless liquid, boiling at 13.5 ; specific gravity at 

 0, 0.898 ; mixes with water in all proportions ; does 

 not enter into combination with the bisulphites of 

 the alkalies. It possesses basic properties; combines 

 directly with acids to form ethylene ethers ; and preci- 



