BENZENE. 265 



Monatomic base. A base isomeric with this, $-diphe- 

 nylguanidine (melanilin), is produced, in the form of 

 the hydrochlorate, by conducting cyanogen chloride 

 into pure anilin; and by heating an alcoholic solution 

 of phenylcyanamide with anilin hydrochlorate. Color- 

 less, crystalline laminse. Fusing point, 131. Sparingly 

 soluble in water, more easily soluble in alcohol than 

 the a-base. 



Triphenylguanidine, C 19 H 17 K 3 = C j 



Is produced by heating diphenylurea; by heating 

 diphenylsulphocarbamide, either alone or with copper, 

 at 150-160, or with anilin up to the boiling point of 

 the latter. Is prepared most readily by dissolving 1 

 molecule diphenylsulphocarbamide and 1 molecule 

 anilin in alcohol, and adding lead oxide, or mercury 

 oxide, or an alcoholic solution of iodine to the boiling 

 liquid. The hydrochlorate is also formed by melting 

 diphenylsulphocarbamide with lead chloride or mer- 

 cury chloride. Long, colorless, shiny, rhombic prisms. 

 Fusing point, 143. Almost insoluble in water even 

 at the boiling temperature, easily soluble in hot alco- 

 hol. Monatomic base. Heated with carbon bisul- 

 phide at 160-170, it is converted into phenyl mustard- 

 oil and diphenylsulphocarbamide. 



The hydrochlorate of a base isomeric with the 

 preceding, viz.: Triphenylguanidine (Carbotriphenyl- 

 triaminej is formed by heating anilin with carbon 

 tetrachloride for a long time at 170-180. The free 

 base crystallizes in colorless, four-sided plates, that are 

 insoluble in water, difficultly soluble in ether, more 

 easily in alcohol. 



Anilin cyanide, C 14 H 14 N 4 = (C 6 H 7 K) 2 (CIS T ) 2 . Is pro- 

 duced by the direct combination of anilin and cyano- 

 gen, when an alcoholic solution of anilin is saturated 

 with cyanogen. Shiny crystalline laminae; insoluble 

 in water, difficultly soluble in alcohol. Fusing point, 

 210. Diatomic base. 



