BENZENE, 269 



Hydrazobenzene, C 12 H 12 N 2 , is formed by treating 

 azobenzene or azoxybenzene with hydrosulphuricacid, 

 ammonium sulphide, or sodium-amalgam. Crystallizes 

 in plates, that fuse at 131. Almost insoluble in 

 water, easily soluble in alcohol and ether. It is re- 

 solved by heating into azobenzene and anilin, and, 

 when treated with oxidizing substances, is very readily 

 converted into azobenzene. It does not combine with 

 acids, is converted by them, however, into an isomeric 

 body, benzidine. 



Sulphobenzolic acid, C 6 H 5 .S0 2 .OH + 1|H 2 0. Ben- 

 zene is shaken with weak fuming sulphuric acid, until 

 it is dissolved, the solution is diluted with water, neu- 

 tralized with barium or lead carbonate, and the metal 

 afterward removed from the solutions of the easily 

 soluble salts by means of sulphuric acid or hydrosul- 

 phuric acid. Is also produced from sulphanilic acid 

 by replacement of the Nil 2 group by hydrogen. 

 Small, colorless, four-sided plates, easily soluble in 

 water and alcohol, deliquescent. 



Barium sulphobenzolate, (C 6 H 5 .S0 3 ) 2 Ba+H 2 0. 

 Plates of a mother-of-pearl lustre, easily soluble in water. 



Ethyl sulphobenzolate, C 6 II 5 .S0 2 .O.C 2 IP, crystal- 

 lizes in fine, colorless needles. 



Sulphobenzolchloride, C 6 H 5 .S0 2 C1, is thrown 

 down, when sodium sulphobenzolate is intimately 

 mixed with phosphorus pentachloride, the mass gently 

 heated, and then thrown into water. Colorless oil of 

 specific gravity 1.371 ; boils at 246-247, at the same 

 time undergoing partial decomposition. Crystallizes 

 below 0, in large rhombic crystals. Boiling water 

 decomposes it slowly, forming sulphobenzolic acid and 

 hydrochloric acid. Treated with ammonia or ammo- 

 nium carbonate, it yields sulphobenzolamide, C 6 H 5 .S0 2 . 

 Nil 2 , colorless laminae, fusing at 149. 



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