TOLUENE. 277 



less prisms (fusing point, 54 ; boiling point, 236) ; 

 the latter, a liquid boiling at 222-223. Metanitroto- 

 luene is produced by boiling diazonitrotoluene sulphate 

 (from metanitro-paratoluidin) with absolute alcohol. 

 Crystalline; fusing point, 16; boiling point, 230-231. 



Dinitrotoluene, C 6 H 3 (M) 2 ) 2 .CH 3 . Is produced fro'm 

 toluene, para- and orthonitrotoluene by treating with 

 nitric-sulphuric acid. Long, almost colorless needles ; 

 fusing point, 71. An isomeric dinitrotoluene (needles, 

 fusing point, 60) is produced from metanitrotoluene 

 by the same treatment. 



Trinitrotoluene, C 6 H 2 (]S"0 2 ) 3 .CH 3 . Almost color- 

 less needles, but sparingly soluble in cold alcohol. 

 Fusing point, 82. 



Amidotoluene (Toluidins), C 6 H 4 (TH 2 ).CH 3 . The 



three modifications are prepared from the three iso- 

 meric nitrotoluenes, like anilin from nitrobenzene. 

 The commercial crude toluidin is a mixture of ortho- 

 and paratoluidin. 



Orthotoluidin (Pseudotoluidin). Colorless liquid, 

 of specific gravity 1.00. Boiling point, 197. But 

 slightly soluble in water. Does not congeal at 20. 

 Gives, with acetyl chloride, an acettoluide^ C 6 H 4 

 (NH.CsHXtyCH 3 , that crystallizes in needles, and fuses 

 at 107. 



Metatoluidin. Colorless liquid, of specific gravity 

 0.998. Boiling point, 197. Does not congeal at 

 13. With acetyl chloride it gives an acettoluide, 

 that crystallizes in fascicles and fuses at 65.5. 



Paratoluidin. Large, colorless crystals; fusing 

 point, 45; boiling point, 198. With acetyl chloride, 

 it gives an acettoluide that crystallizes well, and fuses 

 at 145. 

 24 



