TOLUENE. 279 



a mixture of anilin and toluidin (commercial anilin) 

 with different oxidizing substances (tin chloride, mer- 

 cury chloride, mercury nitrate, arsenic acid, etc.). The 

 free base is obtained most readily by adding an excess 

 of ammonia to a hot saturated solution of the acetate. 

 It separates, partially, immediately in the form of a 

 reddish crystalline precipitate. The hot solution, fil- 

 tered off from this, deposits on cooling another portion 

 of the base in the form of colorless needles or plates, 

 containing one molecule of water. These turn red 

 rapidly in contact with the air without changing their 

 weight. But slightly soluble in water, somewhat 

 more easily in alcohol, insoluble in ether. Not volatile 

 without decomposition. Triatomic base. 



Tri-acid rosanilin hydrochlorate, C 20 H 19 Ivr 3 . 



3HC1, is obtained by dissolving the monacid salt in 

 hot concentrated hydrochloric acid. Brown needles. 

 By treatment with water or by heating, it is very 

 easily converted into the monacid salt. Monacid 

 rosanilin hydrochlorate^ C 20 H 19 Isr 3 .HCl (Fuchsine), is 

 produced by heating anilin with metallic chlorides. 

 Rhombic plates of a beautiful metallic green color and 

 bright lustre. Sparingly soluble in water, still less in 

 saline solutions, easily and with an intensely red color 

 in alcohol. 



Monacid rosanilin nitrate (Azaleine), C 20 H 19 N 8 . 

 HKO 3 , is obtained by heating anilin with mercury 

 nitrate or other nitrates. It resembles the monacid 

 hydrochlorate. 



Rosanilin acetate, C 20 H 19 ^" 3 .C 2 H 4 2 , crystallizes in 

 large, very beautifully developed crystals of a metallic 

 green color. More easily soluble in water than the 

 hydrochlorate and nitrate. 



Triethylrosanilin, C 20 H 16 (C 2 H 5 ) 3 m The salts of 

 this base are obtained by heating rosanilin or salts of 

 rosanilin with ethyl iodide and alcohol. They dissolve 

 readily, imparting to the solutions a beautiful violet 



