

PHENOL. 297 



the sodium compound of the sulphydrate ; by the 

 action of potassium cyanide on an alcoholic solution of 

 benzene sulphochloride ; and, together with other pro- 

 ducts, by treating the sulphydrate with phosphorus 

 chloride. Colorless, shiny needles, that fuse at 60, 

 and are distillable without decomposition. Insoluble 

 in water, easily soluble in alcohol and ether. Nascent 

 hydrogen reconverts it into phenyl sulphydrate; when 

 further oxidized it yields sulphobenzolic acid. 



Phenyl oxysulphide (Sulphobenzide), (C 6 H 5 )S0 2 . 

 Is formed, together with sulphobenzolic acid, by treat- 

 ing benzene with sulphuric anhydride or fuming sul- 

 phuric acid ; by the oxidation of phenyl sulphide with 

 chromic acid ; and in small quantity by the distillation 

 of sulphobenzolic acid. Crystallizes from alcohol in 

 rhombic plates, from water in fine prisms. Fuses at 

 128, and distils without decomposition. Very diffi- 

 cultly soluble in water, difficultly soluble in cold alco- 

 hol, easily soluble in hot alcohol and in ether. Con- 

 centrated sulphuric acid dissolves it ; and converts it, 

 with the aid of heat, into sulphobenzolic acid. Heated 

 with phosphorus chloride it yields benzene sulphochlo- 

 ride and monochlorbenzene. The same products are 

 formed by the action of chlorine on heated sulpho- 

 benzide. 



Oxysulphobenzide, (C 6 H 4 .OH) 2 S0 2 . Is produced 

 when a mixture of equal parts of phenol and concen- 

 trated sulphuric acid is heated, from five to six hours, 

 at 190, and the cooled, tenacious mass poured into 

 from two to three times its volume of water. Stellate, 

 colorless needles ; almost insoluble in cold water, easily 

 in boiling water, and in alcohol and ether. It gives 

 compounds with bases, in which only one of the two 

 hydrogen-atoms of the hydroxyl groups is replaced; 

 on the other hand it yields others in which both the 

 hydrogen-atoms are replaced by alcohol radicles. 



Phenyl oxydisulphide, (C 6 H 5 ) 2 S 2 2 . Is produced 

 together with sulphobenzolic acid by heating benzene- 



