464 TURPENTINE OIL. 



lution is heated with a trace of some acid, it is con- 

 verted into a volatile oil, terpinol C 20 H 34 0, of an odor 

 like hyacinthes ; specific* gravity, 0.852 ; boiling 

 point, 168. Both compounds, terpine and terpinole, 

 form, with hydrochloric acid gas, bihydrochlorate of oil 

 of turpentine, C 10 H 16 .2HC1, a crystallizing substance. 

 Oil of turpentine also absorbs this gas in large quan- 

 tity, and forms with it a liquid and a solid compound. 

 Both have tha composition C 10 H 17 C1 = C 10 H 16 .HC1. 

 The solid one crystallizes from alcohol, or when care- 

 fully sublimed, forming clear shiny prisms ; has an 

 odor like camphor, and fuses at 115. The fluid com- 

 pound is a neutral, colorless oil, that floats on water. 

 Both, when heated with caustic lime, yield oils of thf 

 composition C 5 H 8 , but differing from oil of turpentine 

 in odor and other physical properties (camphilene, ter- 

 pilene, terebilerie). 



The action of fuming hydrochloric acid on oil of 

 turpentine, continued for months, causes the formation 

 of C 10 II 16 .2HC1, which is identical with the compound 

 resulting from terpine and terpinole. 



Chlorine converts oil of turpentine into two isomeric 

 chlorine compounds, C 10 H 12 C1 4 , one of which is crystal- 

 line and fuses at 110-115, the other a colorless, viscid 

 liquid. 



When heated with phosphonium iodide, oil of tur- 

 pentine is converted into a hydrocarbon, C 10 H 20 , boil- 

 ing at 160. 



Boiled continuously with dilute nitric acid, oil of tur- 

 pentine yields acetic, propionic, butyric, oxalic, toluic, 

 terephtalic, camphresinic acids (see Camphor p. 468), and 



Terebic acid, C 7 H 10 4 , a body that crystallizes in 

 colorless prisms, which fuse at 168. Difficultly solu- 

 ble in cold water, easily soluble in hot water. Is re- 

 solved into carbonic anhydride and pyroterebic acid, 

 C 6 H 10 2 (p. 125), when subjected to distillation. 



Terebentilic acid, C 8 H 10 2 , results when terpine in 

 the form of vapor is conducted over heated (to 400) 

 soda-lime, and the product decomposed with hydro- 

 chloric acid. Small, white needles ; fuses at 90, and 



