THE STRAWBERRY JUNE 1907 



Bederwood are found to be the most suc- 

 cessful in his district. Henry Haggard 

 of Excelsior, representing the fifth district, 

 reports in the same way concerning Sen- 

 ator Dunlap, Warfield and Bederwood. 

 John B. Katzner of Collegeville, repre- 

 senting the sixth district, names Dunlap, 

 Splendid, Bederwood, Enhance and Lov- 

 ett. H G. Westman of Sandstone, rep- 

 lesenting the eighth district, favors Beder- 

 wood, Warfield, Senator Dunlap, Splen- 

 did and Clyde. O e J. Hagen of Hen- 

 drum reports that Senator Dunlap and 

 Perfection carried off the laurels in 1906 

 in his district. 



Some Strawberry Pointers 



By George Wright 



ON a basis of the results of the analy- 

 sis recorded by the Oregon Ex- 

 periment Station, a crop of 6,000 

 pounds of fresh strawberries, which is 

 considered a fair yield per acre, will re- 

 move from the soil 8.4 pounds nitrogen, 

 10 pounds potash and 3.5 pounds phos- 

 phoric acid. It is thus seen that the 

 strawberry, relatively speaking, is not an 

 exhausting crop upon the land; yet prac- 

 tice has shown that it returns a more val- 

 uable profit from liberal manuring than 

 most other fruit crops. This may, per- 

 haps, be explained from the fact of its 

 comparatively short-growing period in the 

 early part of the year. Strawberries use 

 large amounts of immediately available 

 nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, and 

 these elements must be in the soil in 

 abundance to meet this early demand. 



As to the experiment stations, all that 

 have conducted experiments along the 

 line of fertilizers for strawberries, recom- 

 mend the use of well-rotted stable ma- 

 nure. Care should be taken that the 

 stable manure is not used fresh, because 

 of the large percentage of weed seeds 

 which may be introduced into the land. 

 Better results, however, may generally be 

 expected from the use of barnyard ma- 

 nure, if it is supplemented by the use of 

 the mineral fertilizer;, phosphoric acid and 

 potash. The great necessity of using the 

 latter substances as a supplement to any 

 other material which may be employed 

 for this crop is clearly shown by the large 

 portion of potash which this crop remo\es 

 from the soil, as indicated above. 



It is an open question whether it is not 

 cheaper in most instances to use commer- 

 cial fertilizers instead of stable manure. 

 At the Maryland Experiment Station a 

 carload of stable manure costing .$31 was 

 tried in comparison with commercial fer- 

 tilizers costing about .$7, with a change in 

 growth of vines and early maturity of 

 fruit decidedly in favor of the commercial 



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mixture. Where barnyard manure is 

 scarce or its cost is high, commercial mix- 

 tures of the mineral fertilizers should al- 

 ways be used to supplement the natural 

 material. 



The Georgia Experiment Station has 

 also conducted experiments in the use of 

 fertilizers on strawberries and with satis- 

 factory results. At the latter station the 

 following formula was used: 



Superphosphate, 1140 pounds 

 Nitrate of soda, 540 pounds 



Muriate of potash, 300 pounds 



the mixture being applied at the rate of 

 800 to 1,000 pounds per acre. The first 

 application of the fertilizers was made in 

 rows just previous to planting in the fall 

 after which the fertilizers were drilled in 

 on each side of the rows in the spring. 

 The above formula was tried in compari- 

 son with sixteen other mixtures. The 

 best results were secured when 1,280 

 pounds kainit were used in place of the 

 muriate of potash in the normal formula 

 which furnished about the same number 

 of pounds of potash. 



The New York Cornell Station also 

 has done considerable cooperative testing 

 of a large number of fertilizers for straw- 

 berries, and while some contradictory data 

 were secured on the different farms and 

 plats, yet on the whole there was consid- 

 erable uniformity of results. In general, 

 it may be said that the potash and phos- 

 phatic fertilizers were more effective than 

 the nitrogenous fertilizers, especially on 

 lands well supplied with humus. The 

 fruit produced with these fertilizers were 

 better colored, better flavored and firmer. 



It is undoubtedly true that far more 

 effective results will be obtained by the 

 use of a complete plant food, that is, one 

 which contains all three of the elements, 

 namely, phosphoric acid, potash and ni- 

 trogen, than by the use of an incomplete 



Pftge 140 



formula; and this is the general truth 

 which holds for nearly all kinds of fertil- 

 ization. These three elements are essen- 

 tial to the growth of plants, and if one of 

 them be deficient, the others never can 

 make up for that deficiency. 



How to Care for Manure 



WHAT is the best way to preserve 

 the manure from the poultry 

 house.'^ asks a subscriber to the 

 New York Tribune, and the editor an- 

 swers as follows: 



What do you want to preserve it fo,.'' 

 Get it out on the land as soon as possible. 

 The sooner it gets into the soil the better 

 for the soil and for the hens, too. I have 

 no patience with those fellows who lay 

 such great stress upon penny economy. 

 They make me tired, and being forced to 

 deal with them has made me poor. And 

 they are no better off than folks that do 

 business. They work harder to save a cent 

 than they need to work to earn a dollar 

 The whole secret of the manure pile is, 

 get it out on the land as fast as it is pro- 

 duced. Summer or winter, the place for it 

 is back in some field or lot. I've read ad- 

 vice to some 3-cent farmers, by some 2-cent 

 editor, that would make a man up a tree 

 sick. Such advice as: Put it into a barrel, 

 and put the barrel in the cellar, and, after it 

 has .stood two weeks, wet it with warm 

 water and add an equal bulk of leaves and 

 an equal bulk of stable manure, then put 

 it into the attic until the last of July, and 

 so on and so on. Such advice, I say, 

 makes one sick of farming. 



Get all such stuff back upon the fields. 

 Haul every day, if you have a load. 

 Spread it upon the snow, or upon the 

 ground, be it dry or wet. Don't make a 

 fertilizer factory of your cellar. 



