THE STRAWBERRY OCTOBER 1907 



plants that started to grow vigorously, but 

 had a setback, we think the experience is 

 due entirely to some underground insect. 

 'I'he fact that it attacks only nn occasional 

 plant indicates that there is no cause for 

 alarm because of its presence. 



4. Mildew, blight and rust are all 

 fungous troubles. Mildew is detected by 

 the curling up of the leaf. Blight gives a 

 reddish tinge to the leaves, and rust starts 

 with small red spots which enlarge until 

 the entire leaf is covered. Eventually the 

 rust eats through the tissues of the leaf. 

 Spraying should be begun at the first sight 

 of any of these troubles. There is no 

 cure for them, but their spread may be 

 prevented in this way. l^se Bordeaux 

 mixture for everything except mildew; for 

 this use liver of sulphur. 



5. Most any of the cow peas are good 

 to improve the mechanical condition of 

 the soil. For your latitude we think the 

 Clay and \Vonderful would give entire 

 satisfaction. ^Ve advise Northern-grown 

 seed, as the department of agriculture 

 finds Southern seeds possessed of little 

 germinating power. 



6. Sulfate of potassium and liver of 

 sulphur are the same. In spraying with 

 liver of sulphur we use three pounds to 

 fifty gallons of water. If you require but 

 one gallon of spraying material use one 

 ounce of the liver of sulphur. 



7. In making one gallon of Bordeaux 

 mixture use one tenth of a pound of vitriol 

 and one-tenth pound of lime. 



8. You should have applied the potash 

 with the ground bone. However, if you 

 will scatter unleached wood ashes between 

 the rows at the rate of fifty bushels to the 

 acre, and work it into the soil this fall, we 

 think it will furnish potash enough to give 

 desired results. Nitrate of soda may be 

 used next spring at the rate of eighty to 

 one hundred pounds to the acre. 



9. We have great confidence in Swift's 

 specially prepared fertilizers, and in pre- 

 paring them we know they use the highest 

 grade of goods. 



^ '^ 



M., Shenandoah, Pa. In what proportion 

 should poultry droppings (with the nitrogen 

 preserved by being mixed with land plaster) 

 be used with some other fertilizer to secure a 

 large yield of berries — what fertilizer goes best 

 with them — what time of the year should the 

 mixture be applied to the soil and in what 

 manner? Would this mixture be a good gen- 

 eral manure for the average berry before special 

 deficiencies of the soil became known — in a 

 first crop, for instance, on a new place? If 

 not, what would be? 



If you will take a ton of your chicken 

 droppings and land plaster and add to this 

 about six hundred pounds of ground phos- 

 phate rock, mixing these thoroughly, and 

 scatter over one acre of ground in the 

 spring, then scatter evenly fifty bushels of 

 wood ashes, or use the proper proportion 

 of kainit, instead of wood ashes, you will 



have a well-balanced fertilizer for straw- 

 berries and for general purposes as well. 

 If kainit is used it may be mixed in with 

 the phosphate rock and droppings and the 

 whole sown together. Write the German 

 Kali Works, '■)?< Nassau street. New York, 

 for their free book on kainit. It will give 

 you much valuable information. 



G. F. M. , Charleston, Wash. Do you con- 

 sider it good practice to place fresh cow ma- 

 nure, free from litter or chaff, between the 

 rows of strawberry plants? This to be worked 

 in. 



2. What remedy would you ad\ ise for the 

 "spit bug"? 



3. Does the "spit bug" work any injury to 

 the plants? 



4. Do you advise cultivation with the hoe 

 during the fruiting period? If so, what do 

 you do with the mulch between the rows? 



5. I expect to use summer fern or "fern 

 brakes" as they are called by some for a mulch 

 this winter. Would it be better to cut them 

 to about one and one-half inches? They grow 

 from two feet to eight feet long in this part of 

 the country. 



6. When would you permit runners to start 

 on plants set this spring? 



Where ground is not in good condition, 

 it is an excellent plan to scatter fresh cat- 

 tle manure thinly between the rows and 

 work it into the soil with cultivators. 



2. So far as we have ever learned the 

 spittle insects do but very little injury to 

 plant life. They feed on a variety of 

 things, but are rarely found on cultivated 



crops. 1 his also answers vour question 

 No. .^. 



4. It is not advisable to hoe a fruiting 

 bed. If any cultivation is done in the 

 fruiting bed it should be done in the space 

 between the rows. This does not interfere 

 with the mulch that lies close to the plants 

 which protects the berries from becoming 

 dirty. 



5. We do not think it is necessary for 

 you to cut the ferns at all. We have 

 never used them for mulching, but should 

 think that only the shortest and most 

 bushy should be used. Wheat straw 

 makes the best mulching you can get, but 

 any mulching is better than nothing. 



6. Runners should be allowed to start 

 as soon as the mother plant has gotten 

 well under way and has made good veg- 

 etative growth. 



W. R. R., Minneapolis, Minn. I have a piece 

 of ground which I intended to prepare this 

 summer for 1908 planting, but the manure 

 was full of grubs, so I left the ground alone. 

 Would it have been all right to have plowed 

 and sown the rye anyway? 



2. If I wait until winter when ground is 

 frozen and then apply the manure, do you 

 think the grubs will live and trouble the plants 

 when I plow next spring? 



3. In the propagating bed, about what num- 

 ber of runner plants will one mother plant 

 send out? 



Lven though you did not cover the 

 ground with manure this winter it would 

 be a good plan to break the ground up 

 and sow the rye. By plowing the ground 



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KALAMAZOO STOVE COMPANY. Manufacturer*. 



Uriplnal "'iJirect-t'iiiser ilitnulactiirer. Bev 



Kalamazoo, Michigan. 



are of iniilators. 



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Page 207 



