VINEYARD CULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES. 61 



tury, at GallipoHs, in our own state ; Philadelphia, Harmony, 

 and York, Pa. ; Glasgow, and Lexington, Ky. ; Monticello, 

 Va. ; Baltimore, Md. ; and New Harmony and Vevay, la. 

 Subsequently eftbrts were made to establish vineyards in the 

 vicinity of New York, District of Columbia, Demopolis, Ala., 

 and in North and South Carolina. These generally failed, 

 from planting foreign grape-vines unsuited to our soil and 

 climate. 



A few of the cultivators had the sagacity to discover this 

 error, and substituted the best native varieties. 



Major Adlum, Mr. Longworth, the Swiss at Yevay, and 

 some gentlemen in Carolina were the first to adopt this course. 

 The Cape, Catawba, and Isabella at the North, and the Scup- 

 pernong at the South, took the place of the vines from Europe, 

 and wine was made, but of an inferior quality. It is only of 

 late years that American Wines have had any pretensions to 

 come in competition with European, and to Mr. Longworth, 

 more than to any other man, belongs the honor of having 

 produced this result. 



The Ohio river is already called the ** Rhine of America,'* 

 and Cincinnati the center of the grape region in this valley. 

 Within twenty miles around the city, more than 1200 acres 

 are planted in vineyards — at Ripley and Maysville above, 

 about 100 acres — at Vevay, Charleston, and Louisville below, 

 over 250 acres are in vine culture ; — making 1,550 acres for 

 the Ohio valley alone, which is a low estimate. 



At Hermann, Mo., about forty or fifty acres are in vine- 

 yards ; and in the vicinity of St. Louis, and some other 

 parts of the State, probably twenty or thirty acres more ; a 

 few at Belleville, 111., and elsewhere in that State. Near Bead- 

 ing, Pa., several vineyards are planted and some excellent 

 wines made. In North and South Carolina, the Scuppernong 

 wines have been made for many years, but the number of 

 acres in grape culture is to the writer unknown. A few vine- 

 yards are in cultivation in the vicinity of New York and Phiia- 



