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where they found, as they had been taught to expect, a vigorous 

 resistance from various resolute and barbarous tribes of warriors, 

 inhabiting that mountainous province and the shores of the Caspian 

 Sea; especially from the predatory race of the Mardi. To this district 

 the Persian troops and Greek mercenaries, who had been faithful- 

 to Darius, under all his misfortunes and defeats, had retired : ho- 

 nourable conditions were now offered to them by Alexander, and 

 accepted *. 



He then marched into and subdued the province of Aria, of 

 which the classical appellative is recognized in Herat, its present 

 capital. Drangiana and Arachosia, the modern Sejestan and Za- 

 blestan, provinces which we have observed were for several ages 

 held by the descendants of the great Rostam, the Hercules of Persia, 

 in a state almost independent of the Persian crown, and border 

 upon India itself, next felt and trembled at the Macedonian power. 

 The Drangae, alluded to above, are called by Arrian Zarangtf, 

 but they were certainly one people ; for, D'Anville has well re- 

 marked -f-, that this diversity in the orthography of the same name 

 is produced by a practice, familiar to the Orientals, of inter- 

 changing the Zain and the Doled. There is no modern Persian 

 name at all corresponding with Drangiana ; but as it will be 

 useful, in our progress through part of Asia, to give, from this 

 author, the modern denomination when the least resemblance can 

 be traced, it may be noticed that the scite of Arachosia is re- 

 cognized in the Oriental name of its present capital, Arrokhage. 

 That a connection and correspondence still subsisted between these 

 Persian satrapies and the frontier provinces of India is evident, 

 from a remarkable circumstance recorded in Arrian, viz. that 



* Arrian, lib. iii. cap. 24. Diod. Sic. lib. xvii. p. 537. 

 -. .. t Aucient Geography, under AslA. 



