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service. After immense toil and the destruction of great numbers, 

 who, in the attempt, were precipitated down the abrupt cliffs, by 

 means of iron pins, used by the army in pitching their tents, forcibly 

 driven into the sides of the rock, and of ropes fastened to them, by 

 which they elevated and supported each other, the greater part of 

 this daring band, in the dead of the night, reached the top ; and, 

 at the break of day, displayed to their delighted comrades the 

 promised signals of success. Alexander immediately summoned the 

 garrison to surrender, shewing them aloft the winged soldiers, who 

 had conquered every difficulty of both art and nature. The asto- 

 nished garrison, ignorant of their numbers and the slender arms they 

 possessed, while their imagination, through terror, greatly magnified 

 both, immediately surrendered to the shouting foe ; and Oxyartes, Befor | 2 J l ' ri * t ' 

 the governor of Bactria, and many grandees of that province, were 

 taken prisoners. But the greatest prize that fell into the victor's 

 hands, on this occasion, was the beautiful Roxana, the daughter of 

 Oxyartes, whom Alexander, deeply smitten with her transcendent 

 charms, afterwards exalted to be the partner of his throne. 



We must pass over, as not sufficiently illustrative of our principal 

 subject, various military occurrences that took place in the course of 

 the present year, the conflicts with the Daha3, the Massagetae, whose 

 names yet survive in the modern Dahistan and the Indian Getes, 

 or Jauts, and other tribes of Barbarians inhabiting the Northern 

 Asia ; the disputable adventure of the Amazonian queen, and the 

 horrid catastrophe that befel Cly tus and Calisthenes ; the former the 

 result of physical, the latter of mental, intoxication. Filled as we 

 must be with high and just indignation at these repeated outrages 

 committed by a character, in other respects so elevated, against 

 decency and virtue, let us still in candor consider the jarring and 

 contradictory accounts delivered down to posterity concerning these 

 disgraceful events and the causes that led to them ; the turbulent 



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