316 HISTORY OF BOTANY. 



naeus says, though the first in attempting to form 

 natural orders, he observed as many as the most 

 successful of later writers. Thus his Legumina n 

 correspond to the natural order Leguminosce ; his 

 genus Ferulaceum to the Umbellatce ; his Bulb- 

 acece to Liliacece; his Ayithemides to the Com- 

 posite; in like manner, the Boraginece are brought 

 together 15 , and the Labiatce. That such assemblages 

 are produced by the application of his principles, is 

 a sufficient evidence that they have their foundation 

 in the general laws of the vegetable world. If this 

 had not been the case, the mere application of 

 number or figure alone as a standard of arrange- 

 ment, would have produced only intolerable ano- 

 malies. If, for instance, Csesalpinus had arranged 

 plants by the number of flowers on the same stalk, 

 he would have separated individuals of the same 

 species; if he had distributed them according to 

 the number of leaflets which compose the leaves, 

 he would have had to place far asunder different 

 species of the same genus. Or, as he himself says 16 , 

 " If we make one genus of those which have a round 

 root, as Rapum, Aristolochia, Cyclaminus, Aton, 

 we shall separate from this genus those which most 

 agree with it, as Napum and Raphanum, which re- 

 semble Rapum, and the long Aristolochia, which 

 resembles the round ; while we shall join the most 

 remote kinds, for the nature of Cyclaminus and 



11 Lib. vi. 12 Lib. vii. 13 Lib. x. l4 Lib. xii. 

 15 Lib. xi. 10 Lib. i. cap. xii. p. 25. 



