436 HISTORY OF PHYSIOLOGY. 



must, at least, be from the pencil of one of the 

 most distinguished pupils of the great painter ; for 

 to this day, though we have more finished draw- 

 ings, we have no designs that are more artistlike. 

 Fallopius, who succeeded Vesalius at Padua, made 

 some additions to the researches of his predecessor; 

 but in his treatise De Principio Venarum, it is. 

 clearly seen 8 that the circulation of the blood was 

 unknown to him. Eustachius also, whom Cuvier 

 groups with Vesalius and Fallopius, as the three 

 great founders of modern anatomy, wrote a treatise 

 on the vein azygos 9 , which is a little treatise on 

 comparative anatomy: but the discovery of the func- 

 tions of the veins came from a different quarter. 



The unfortunate Servetus, who was burnt at 

 Geneva as a heretic in 1553, is the first person who 

 speaks distinctly of the small circulation, or that 

 which carries the blood from the heart to the lungs, 

 and back again to the heart. His work entitled 

 Christianismi Restitutio was also burnt ; and only 

 two copies are known to have escaped the flames. 

 It is in this work that he asserts the doctrine in 

 question, as a collateral argument or illustration 

 of his subject. "The communication between the 

 right and left ventricle of the heart, is made," he 

 says, "not as is commonly believed, through the 

 partition of the heart, but by a remarkable artifice 

 (magno artificio) the blood is carried from the 

 right ventricle by a long circuit through the lungs ; 

 8 Cuv. Sc. Nat. p. 32. 9 Ib. p. 34. 



