THOMAS BATES' BREEDING. 123 



of this stock, he continues : " I selected this tribe of Short-horns as 

 superior to all other cattle, not only as small consumers, but as great 

 growers, and quick grazers, with the finest quality of beef. My first 

 Duchess calved at Halton Castle,' June 7, 1807. She was kept on 

 grass only, in a pasture with nineteen other cows, and made in butter 

 and milk for some months above two guineas per week." Not know- 

 ing the prices of either milk by the gallon, or butter by the pound, 

 at that time, a statement of the quantity of each, which the cow 

 made, would be more satisfactory to readers of the present day. 



The pedigree of his original cow, above named, of the Duchess 

 tribe, runs thus : Got by Daisy Bull (186) [Daisy Bull was by Favor- 

 ite (252), dam by Punch (531), gr. d. by Hubback (319)], out of 

 Duchess, by Favorite (252), Duchess, by Hubback (319), (Stan- 

 wick) Duchess, by James Brown's red bull (97). This cow Mr. Bates 

 took to his farm at Halton Castle. Finding by the use of Short-horn 

 bulls on his Highland cow_s how wonderfully it improved their size 

 and quality as feeding animals, he was now fully confirmed of their 

 superior value when in their purity of blood. 



The cow " Duchess, by Daisy Bull," had produced Charles Colling 

 a heifer, by Favorite (252), before, and in the same year that Bates 

 purchased her, which heifer Colling retained. The year succeeding 

 that in which Mr. Bates purchased the cow, she produced the bull 

 Ketton. (709), also by Favorite, which he retained for his subsequent 

 breeding. Producing no heifer calves to him, Bates sold the cow in 

 the year 1809, to a Mr. Donkin. While in the latter hands she bred 

 several calves, but her heifers, if she had any, left no produce. At 

 seventeen years of age, having done breeding, she was fed off and 

 made an excellent carcass of beef. She was always a great milker. 



Having his eye continually on this Duchess blood, at the final sale 

 of Charles Ceiling's herd in 1810, a two-year-old heifer, "Young 

 Duchess," by Comet (155), dam by Favorite (252), gr. d. by Daisy 

 Bull (186), etc. [this gr. d. being the same "Duchess, by Daisy Bull," 

 previously purchased of Colling by Mr. Bates], was advertised in the 

 herd to be sold. She was a granddaughter of " Duchess, by Daisy 

 Bull," and as will be seen by the pedigree above mentioned, closely 

 interbred to the blood of Favorite (252). This heifer Bates deter- 

 mined to possess, but fearing to openly bid for her himself, (as Mrs. 

 Colling, who was as shrewd and knowing a manager in the cattle line 

 as her husband, and had well known of Bates' predilections for that 

 blood, might covertly run her up to an exorbitant price,) he got another 

 party to do the bidding, and the heifer was struck off to him at 183 



