1 70 Miscellaneous. 



provisionally cited as Anochaniis sinensis. — Monatsher. Berl. Akad. 

 Wissensch. March 12, 1868, pp. 178-180. 



Note on the Anatomy o/ Pontobdella verrucata {Leach). 

 By L. Yaillant. 



The number of rings in the zoonite in ffirudo and most of the 

 allied genera is 5 ; in Pontobdella it is 4, as was recognized by 

 Savigny. The body of P. verrucata contains 10 complete zoonites 

 in its middle part, behind the cincture ; the extremities and the 

 cincture are less regularly formed, the rings being often grouped in 

 threes. The total number of rings is 66. In the male zoonites 

 (the six immediately following the cincture) the testes occupy the 

 first ring, the nervous ganglion is placed between the third and 

 fourth, and upon the last are the muciparous pores. 



Beneath the skin and muscles the body presents a thick layer of 

 yellowish -brown glandules, the excretory canals of which may be 

 traced to the surface ; they probably endue the animal with a pro- 

 tective coat. The muciparous vesicles of the cincture present a 

 ciliated inner pavilion analogous to that indicated first in the 

 Lumbricina, and afterwards in the Branchiobdellce. 



The trunk, by which these worms suck the blood which con- 

 stitutes their food, is quite unarmed, so that it probably only pene- 

 trates by separating the tissues. The oesophagus is surrounded by 

 whitish glandules, the excretory ducts of which are directed forward, 

 towards the anterior disk. An analogous arrangement has been in- 

 dicated in Aulastoma by Leydig, who supposes that these glands 

 discharge themselves at the jaws to facilitate their action ; the 

 author thinks that they have probably to do with the formation of 

 the oviferous cocoon. The so-called stomach, which the author 

 would prefer to name ingluvies or crop, is a reservoir in which the 

 blood accumulates without undergoing any perceptible change. It 

 is divided anteriorly into seven chambers, indicated outside by slight 

 constrictions, and separated by incomplete septa ; behind is a large 

 caecum to which the intestine is applied longitudinally. The intes- 

 tine has two lateral dilatations at its origin, and is divided into four 

 nearly equal parts. The walls of the ingluvies are formed by in- 

 terlaced fibres of laminar tissue and smooth muscular fibres, without 

 distinct glandular elements ; the walls of the intestine contain a 

 multitude of true glandular acini. It is here that the process of 

 digestion commences. 



The female generative apparatus consists of a long sac or cseciim. 

 the anterior neck-like part of which terminates at a whitish body 

 of glandular aspect. From this starts a duct which unites with 

 that of the opposite side, to open by a single median aperture. The 

 glandular organ likewise receives from five to seven ducts on its 

 inner Burface ; ahd these the author believes come from the trans- 

 parent glands which occur at some parts, mixed with the yellowish 

 subcutaneous glandules. This system would then have to be re- 



