300 Mr. J. Gwyn Jeffreys on Dredging 



function is quite different. I would call these organs cap- 

 tacula^ an appropriate word and not less classically formed 

 than tentacula. 



Leda^ernula was again dredged in St. Magnus JBay ; but 

 with it was a dead and apparently semifossil valve of Tellina 

 calcarea. I must therefore hesitate in considering the one 

 more than the other recent or an inhabitant of the British seas 

 at the present time. 



Being in the south of Europe last winter I undertook the 

 examination of the Mediterranean and Adriatic shells ; and the 

 result greatly surprised as well as interested me. The dredg- 

 ings of Capt. Acton (the Commandant of the Italian navy) in 

 the Gulf of Naples, and the extensive collections of Dr. Tibcri 

 at Portici, General Stefanis at Naples, Herr Weinkauf from 

 Algeria, and of Dr. Brusina at Zara, especially yielded a 

 vast quantity of new material for a comparison of the marine 

 testacea of the north and south of Europe. Many of the 

 species having been described (some insufficiently) under 

 different names, the difficulty of identification is considerable ; 

 but there is no doubt that a remarkable concordance exists, 

 and to a great extent, between the mollusca which inhabit 

 the deeper parts of the Atlantic and Mediterranean seas from 

 62° to 36° N. lat. The littoral kinds differ much more — a 

 circumstance which may have been occasioned by climatal 

 conditions. To exemplify the former proposition I subjoin a 

 list of 75 species, usually considered northern, which are 

 common to the North Sea and the Mediterranean, with their 

 principal synonyms : — 



Names of Species. Synonyms. 



Terebratula caput-serpentis, Linne. 



Argiope lunifera, Philippi Terebratula cistellula, Scarles Wood. 



Crania anomala, Miiller Anomia turbinata, Poll. 



Pecten septemradiatus, Miill. Ostrea inflexa and O. clavata, Poli. 



P. aratus, Gmelin P. Bruei^ Payraudeau. 



P. Testae, Bivona P. furtivus, Loven. 



P. striatus, Mull. 



P. Hoskynsi, Forbes P. imbrifer, Lov. 



P. vitreus, Chemnitz P. Gemellarii-filii, Biondi. 



P. similis, Laskey P. pygmaeus, von Miinster. 



Lima Sarsii, Lov Perhaps L. crassa, Forbes. 



L. elliptica, Jeffreys. 



L. subauriculata, Montagu. 



Pinna rudis, L P. pectinata of some authors, not 



of Linne. 

 Mytilus phaseolinus, Ph. 

 Modiolaria discors, L. 

 Nucula nitida, G. B. Sowerby. 



N. tenuis, Mont N. decipiens, PL 



Leda pygmaea, v. Miinst Probably Nucula negeensis, Forb. 



Area obUqua, Ph , A. Koreuii, Danielssen. 



